redeo

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [ˈrɛ.de.oː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɛː.de.o]^[1]

Forms

redeō (present infinitive redīre, perfect active rediī or redīvī, supine reditum); irregular conjugation, impersonal in the passive^[1] Ennius has the present redīnunt, and Apuleius a future redīēs.^[2]

Etymology

It is from Latin re- + eō (“to go”).^[2][1] De Vaan traces ⟨eō⟩ to Proto-Italic *ei- (“to go”), Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”), and notes that Ennius has ⟨redīnunt⟩ “they return”.^[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citations include Naevius, Plautus, Ennius and Cato.^[2] Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^[4]

Semantic evolution

It meant to come or go back to a place, return, as in Ennius and Cicero's ex prōvinciā redīre; of things to go back to their place; to return to a subject in speech, as in Plautus; to return to a former state, a relationship or a habit, as in Cato and Naevius; of phenomena and seasons to come round again, as in Virgil and Lucretius; of property and affairs to revert, devolve, as in Plautus and Terence; to be yielded as income, as in Pliny; and to be reduced to a state or condition, as in Terence.^[2][5]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to return, go or come back.^[6]

Timeline

• c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it of returning to a habit.^[2][4]
• 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of returning.^[2][4]
• 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of reverting.^[2][4]
• 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of recurring times.^[2][4]

Meanings

Verb

1. To go or come back, return.^[2][7]
2. To return (to a subject, state or habit).^[2]
3. To recur, come round again.^[2]
4. To revert, devolve (of property).^[2]
5. To be yielded (as income).^[2]
6. To be reduced (to a condition).^[2]

Word family

• reditiō
• reditus
• redivīvus

Related words

• abeō
• adeō
• circumeō
• eō
• exeō
• ineō
• intereō
• itus
• obeō
• pereō

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
4. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
6. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
7. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press