sardina

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [sarˈdiː.na], [sarˈdiː.naː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [sarˈdiː.na], [sarˈdiː.na]^[1]

Forms

sardīna f (genitive sardīnae); first declension^[1]

Etymology

The OLD compares sarda “pilchard”, which it takes as the feminine of Sardus “Sardinian”.^[2] Etymonline derives it from late Greek Ancient Greek σαρδίνη (sardínē), earlier σάρδη (sárdē), often linked with Σαρδώ (Sardṓ, “Sardinia”), near which the fish was probably caught.^[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Columella mentions it in his book on fishponds.^[4] Köbler dates Columella to the 1st century AD.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It was a sardine or pilchard, and Lewis & Short and Georges treat it under sarda.^[2][6][7] Köbler records it from Oribasius, of the late 4th century.^[5]

In medieval British glossaries it was a small fish, a herring.^[8] English sardine is recorded in the early 15th century.^[3]

Timeline

• 1st century AD – Columella mentions it.^[4][5]
• c. 325–c. 403 AD – Oribasius uses it.^[5]
• early 15th century – English sardine is recorded.^[3]

Meanings

Noun

1. A sardine, pilchard.^[2][4]
2. (Medieval Latin) A herring.^[8]

Related words

• sarda
• English sardine

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
4. ^ a b c Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
5. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
7. ^ Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
8. ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press