reputo

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [ˈrɛ.pʊ.toː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɛː.pu.to]^[1]

Forms

reputō (present infinitive reputāre, perfect active reputāvī, supine reputātum); first conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is from re- “again, back” and putō “to reckon, think”.^[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of thinking something over.^[2] Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^[4]

Semantic evolution

It meant to think over, reflect on, consider, as in Plautus and Cicero.^[2][5] From Cicero it meant to reckon up, calculate, as the eclipses of the sun, and in Tacitus and Pliny the Elder to count up times and years.^[2][6] In the jurists it meant to take into account, allow for expenses.^[2][6]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to esteem, repute, account, reckon.^[7] It survives in French réputer and Italian reputare, and English repute came in the late 14th century, “to believe, deem”.^[1][8] In Vulgar Latin it came to mean “to impute, blame”, whence Old French reter and English rate “to scold”.^[8]

Timeline

• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of thinking over.^[2][4]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of calculating eclipses.^[2][6][4]
• 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of counting up times.^[6][4]
• late 14th century – English repute is recorded.^[8]

Meanings

Verb

1. To reckon up, calculate.^[2]
2. (law) To take into account, allow for.^[2]
3. To think over, reflect on, consider.^[2]
4. (Ecclesiastical Latin) To esteem, repute.^[7]

Word family

• reputātiō

Related words

• putō
• English repute
• English reputation

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
4. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
6. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
7. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
8. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com