produco

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [proːˈduː.koː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [proˈduː.ko]^[1]

Forms

prōdūcō (present infinitive prōdūcere, perfect active prōdūxī, supine prōductum); third conjugation, irregular short imperative^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin pro- (“forth”) + duco (“to lead”).^[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Plautus has people brought out of doors and a lyre player brought out.^[2][4] Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant to bring forth, lead out, as slaves for sale in Terence, and to bring someone before the people or witnesses into court, as in Cicero.^[2][6] It was used of birth, as Horace's prayer that the goddess bring forth offspring, of rearing children, and of producing or inventing, as Lucretius' Venus producing various forms.^[2] It meant to lead on, escort, entice, and to promote in rank.^[2] Caesar uses it of extending a battle line, and it meant to prolong time, as Terence's sipping cups to draw out the day.^[2] Grammarians used it of lengthening a vowel, as Varro on rūta caesa, and of extending a word with a suffix.^[2]

English produce is recorded in the early 15th century as “develop, extend, lengthen out”.^[7]

Timeline

• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of bringing someone out.^[2][5]
• 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of bringing slaves for sale.^[2][5]
• 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of lengthening a vowel.^[2][5]
• early 15th century – English produce is recorded.^[7]

Meanings

Verb

1. To bring forth, lead out; to bring into court.^[2][4]
2. To bring forth offspring; to bring up, rear.^[2][1]
3. To produce, create, invent.^[2][1]
4. To lead on, escort; to entice.^[2]
5. To promote, advance.^[2][1]
6. To extend, lengthen; to prolong time.^[2][1]
7. (grammar) To pronounce long; to lengthen by a suffix.^[2]

Word family

• prōducta
• prōductilis
• prōductiō
• prōductīvus
• prōdūcibilis
• prōductō
• prōductor
• prōductus
• prōdux

Related words

• abdūcō
• addūcō
• circumdūcō
• condūcō
• dēdūcō
• dīdūcō
• dūcō
• ēdūcō
• indūcō
• intrōdūcō
• English produce
• English product

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
4. ^ a b Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
5. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
7. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com