apio

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [ˈa.pi.oː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaː.pi.o]^[1]

Forms

apiō (present infinitive apere, supine aptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation, no perfect stem^[1]

Etymology

It is probably inherited from Proto-Italic *apjō.^[1] Two roots have been proposed: Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep- (“to grab, get”), the root of apīscor, for which the LIV suggests ⟨*h₁p-yé-ti⟩ and de Vaan an athematic i-present ⟨*h₁p-i-⟩; or Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“to attach”), with Hittite ḫapp- (“to join”) and Ancient Greek ἅπτω (háptō, “to fasten”).^[1] De Vaan sees no need to separate ⟨apiō⟩ from ⟨apīscor⟩, which keeps the general sense, while ⟨apiō⟩ was specialised for tying.^[2] The OLD compares Sanskrit आप्त (āptá, “suitable”) and apud.^[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Gaffiot's sources are Festus, Servius on Virgil and Isidore.^[4] The only form in common use is the participle aptus.^[1]

Semantic evolution

It meant to fasten, attach, bind, and is found chiefly in the participle aptus “fastened, fitted”.^[3][1]

Meanings

Verb

1. To fasten, attach, bind.^[3][4]

Word family

• apex
• apīscor
• aptō
• coëpiō
• exaptus
• ineptus
• interaptus

Related words

• aptus
• cōpula

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
3. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
4. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.