Etymologically
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admoneo

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Pronunciation

  • IPA (Classical): [adˈmɔ.ne.oː][1]
  • IPA (Ecclesiastical): [adˈmɔː.ne.o][1]

Forms

admoneō (present infinitive admonēre, perfect active admonuī, supine admonitum); second conjugation[1] It is also spelled ammoneō.[2]

Etymology

It is formed from Latin ad- (“to, toward”) + moneō (“to remind, warn”).[2][3][1] De Vaan derives moneō from Proto-Italic *moneje-, from Proto-Indo-European *mon-eie- (“to make think of, remind”), a causative of the root of mēns (“mind”), cognate with Sanskrit मानयति (mānáyati, “honours”).[4][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Plautus has tū mē admonuistī rēctē, “you have advised me rightly”.[2][5] De Vaan dates the family of moneō from Plautus.[4]

Semantic evolution

Admonēre is “to remind” someone of something, with a genitive or dē (Cicero: admonitum vēnimus tē, nōn flāgitātum, “we came to remind you, not to dun you”).[2][1] It is “to advise, urge, bid” (Cicero: even the best helmsmen take advice from their passengers in a storm), and “to warn, caution” of dangers.[2][1] It also means “to inform” someone of a fact, “to rebuke” (Virgil: Anchises' ghost admonet in somnīs, “warns me in my dreams”), and in Suetonius “to summon”.[2]

L&S note that it influences the reason and judgement, where adhortārī works on the will.[3] Church Latin glosses it “to warn, admonish”.[6] English admonish comes from it through Old French and a Vulgar Latin ⟨*admonestāre⟩ in the mid-14th century.[7]

Timeline

  • c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: tū mē admonuistī rēctē.[2][5]
  • 81–43 BC – Cicero: admonitum vēnimus tē.[2][5]
  • 70–19 BC – Virgil: admonet in somnīs.[2][5]
  • mid-14th century – English admonish.[7]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To remind (of something).[2][3][1]
  2. To advise, urge, bid, suggest.[2][3][1]
  3. To warn, caution, admonish.[2][3][1][6]
  4. To inform, apprise (of a fact).[2]
  5. To rebuke, chide.[2]
  6. To summon (to).[2]

Word family

  • admonitiō
  • admonitor
  • admonitōrium
  • admonitrix
  • admonitum
  • admonitus
  • admonefaciō
  • commoneō
  • moneō
  • English admonition

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c d e Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  4. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  5. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  6. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
  7. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com