Italian words first recorded in the 13th century

It is borrowed from Old French bastard, a word whose further origin is disputed. Medieval Latin bastardus is found in Italy a little before the Italian word, in Salimbene (1281–1288) and in a…

It is borrowed from Gothic *spaiha (“spy”) or a Frankish word, Frankish *spehōn (“to spy”), through Old French espie: DELI sets out both views. Gamillscheg and Corominas derive the Romance words…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *affrontāre, a verb formed from Latin frōns (“forehead, front”) with the prefix ad- (“to, towards”), literally “to put one's forehead towards”. DELI calls it a…

It is borrowed from Latin aliēnus (“belonging to others, foreign”), a learned word, from alius (“other”). The sense “extraterrestrial” is a recent loan from English alien: the LEI calls it a…

It comes from the battle cry all'arme!, “to arms!”, a phrase of all' and arme, the old plural of arma (“weapon”), later taken as a single noun meaning “(the signal of) alarm”. The Italian word was…

It is formed from Italian a- + lontano + -are, a parasynthetic verb in which the prefix strengthens the sense: “to make far”. The adjective lontano (“far, distant”) continues Vulgar Latin…

It is the past participle of arrabbiare (“to catch rabies; to get angry”), used as an adjective. The verb is formed from Italian a- + rabbia (“rabies; rage”), with the prefix ⟨a-⟩ that turns a noun…

It is a deverbal noun from Italian arrestare (“to stop; to arrest”). The verb continues a Vulgar Latin *arrestāre (“to stop”), formed with the prefix ad- on restāre (“to stay behind, stop”). The LEI…

It is a noun formed from the verb attaccare “to attach; to attack”. The origin of the verb, recorded before 1294 in Guittone d'Arezzo, is disputed. DEI, the TLIO and Wiktionary explain it as…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin attentiō (“application of the mind, attention”), from attendō (“to turn the mind to”) with the suffix -tiō. Zingarelli derives it from the participle…

It is formed from attraverso (“across”) with the verb ending -are, according to DELI, GRADIT and Wiktionary; Nocentini, Devoto–Oli and Devoto's Avviamento derive it from traversare with the prefix…

It is from Italian a + traverso (“crosswise”), the phrase ⟨a traverso⟩ written as one word, with the doubled consonant that the preposition causes in pronunciation. Traverso continues Latin…

It is borrowed from Old French bersail (“target for arrows”), a noun formed from the Old French verb berser (“to hunt; to shoot with a bow”). The verb is of Germanic origin: DELI, Nocentini and the…

It is borrowed from Old French bord (1112), from Frankish *bord (“side of a ship; edge”), which Nocentini compares with Dutch boord. DELI notes that French “bord” has all the senses of the Italian…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin cadāver (“corpse”) (genitive “cadāveris”). The Old Italian form “cadavero” was remade after masculine nouns in “-o”. The form closer to the Latin began to…

It is inherited from Latin cavō (“to hollow out, to dig”), from cavus (“hollow”). The Latin verb lives on in Romance except Romanian and Sardinian: Romansh chavar, Old French chever, Old Occitan…

It is borrowed from Latin cōnsignō (“to seal; to put in writing; to assign”), a learned word reshaped after the native verb segnare. The Latin verb is made of con- and signō (“to mark, seal”), which…

It is borrowed from Latin convincō (“to prove; to convict”), a learned word, from vincō (“to conquer”) with the prefix con-. Nocentini glosses the Latin as “to prove in a winning way”, and Battaglia…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin correctus (“corrected, reformed”), the past participle of corrigō (“to straighten, correct”), and serves as the past participle of correggere. The Latin…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin cōnstruō (“to heap up, arrange, build”), which moved to the verbs in ⟨-ire⟩. The Latin verb is formed from con- (“together”) and struō (“to arrange…

It is the phrase from Italian da + vero (“true”), written as one word. The double ⟨vv⟩ fixes in spelling the doubling of the consonant after ⟨da⟩ in the traditional Tuscan pronunciation; a…

It is from Italian dis- + astro, formed with the prefix in a pejorative sense, so that the word first meant “ill star, adverse fate”. Sabatini–Coletti and the GDLI trace it to the language of…

It is from Italian festa + -eggiare, according to DELI, GRADIT and Zingarelli. Wiktionary instead takes it from a Vulgar Latin *festizāre, from Latin festum (“feast, holiday”) with a verb-forming…

It is a compound from Italian fino + ora, the phrase meaning “until now” written as one word. Sabatini–Coletti and Devoto–Oli derive it from the phrase with the preposition ⟨a⟩, later dropped; the…

It is borrowed from Latin fortūnātus (“prosperous, lucky, happy”), the past participle of fortūnō (“to make prosperous”), from fortūna (“chance, luck”). Italian fortuna continues the same noun, and…

It is from Italian giocare + -tore, the agent noun of the verb “to play”. Compare French joueur, Spanish jugador, Portuguese jogador and Romanian jucător. The verb giocare continues Latin iocō (“to…

It is borrowed from Latin īnsequor (“to follow closely”), from in- and sequor (“to follow”), taken over as a learned word and remade on the model of seguire. Nocentini and Meyer-Lübke start instead…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *isula, from Latin īnsula (“island”): the Vulgar Latin form had lost the /n/ before /s/, as mese did from mēnsis. The form Medieval Latin isula already appears in…

It is a Germanic loan: DELI, Nocentini and GRADIT give a Germanic ⟨*līsta⟩ “border, strip, lath”, the word that became German Leiste and English list. Devoto–Oli and Wiktionary name borrowed from…

It is inherited from Latin nātālis (“of birth”), an adjective in -ālis from nātus (“born”), the past participle of nāscor (“to be born”). The name of the feast comes from Christian Latin, where the…

It is borrowed from Latin notō (“to mark; to point out”), a learned borrowing, from nota (“mark, sign”). The same Latin verb gave French noter and Spanish notar; a popular outcome survives only in a…

It is borrowed from Latin ōrdō (“row, line; rank; order”), from the accusative. DEI and the GDLI class it as a learned word, while Nocentini lists it among the words common to all Romance languages…

It is the masculine form of orecchia, which is inherited from Latin ōricula, a variant of auricula (“little ear; outer ear”), the diminutive of auris (“ear”). In popular Latin the diminutive…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin organizāre (“to give form; to form the organs of a living body”), a learned borrowing. The Medieval Latin verb, recorded about 980 in the sense “to shape”, was…

It is a univerbation of the phrase ⟨per ciò⟩ “for this”, formed from Italian per + ciò. Grammarians long kept the phrase and the single word apart: Tommaseo advised keeping ⟨per ciò⟩ apart when a…

It is inherited from Latin prandium (“late-morning or midday meal”), derived from prandeō (“to have one's morning or midday meal”). Its original sense must have been “first meal”. Sardinian pranzu…

It is borrowed from Latin prōcūrātor (“manager, agent”), a learned word, as is the verb procurare. The Latin noun is formed with “-tor” from prōcūrō (“to take care of, manage”), which is prō (“on…

It is borrowed from French quartier (“fourth part; district”), recorded in 1080. The French word continues Latin quartārius (“a fourth part”), from quartus (“fourth”), since the district was…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin quaestiō (“inquiry; matter in dispute”), from the past participle of quaerō (“to seek; to ask”). DEI calls it a learned word of philosophy and law. The same…

It is formed from Italian ri- + aggiungere (“to reach”), from the old sense of the verb “to reach, arrive at”, with the reinforcing prefix. Nocentini, Devoto–Oli and Wiktionary instead derive it…

1. The breed is probably borrowed from Old French haraz (“horse stud, stud farm”), an Old French word probably of Norse origin, which developed from “stud” to “breed of horses” and then to “kind…

It is from Italian ri- + chiamare, properly “to call again”. The GDLI describes the prefix as Latin re-, with a repeating and intensifying value. DELI compares reclamare, and the noun richiamo is…

It is the popular outcome, inherited from Latin refūtō (“to check, repel; to refute”), whose ⟨i⟩ is usually put down to the influence of fiutare (“to sniff”). DELI calls that influence hard to…

It is inherited from Latin remaneō (“to stay behind, remain”), from re- (“back”) and maneō (“to stay”). DELI calls it a learned word, but the verb continues in most Romance languages: Old French…

It is a noun formed from the verb riposare (“to rest”). GRADIT compares French repos, recorded about 1080, and Meyer-Lübke lists the Italian and French nouns as derivatives of the Latin verb; the…

It is inherited from Late Latin signāle, the neuter of the adjective signālis (“serving as a sign”) used as a noun, from Latin signum (“mark, sign”). The same Late Latin noun gave Old French seignal…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *sequīre, the spoken Latin form that replaced the deponent Latin sequor (“to follow”) and moved it into the conjugation in ⟨-ire⟩. Nocentini gives the Vulgar Latin…

It is inherited from Late Latin sēra, short for the classical phrase ⟨sera dies⟩ “late day”, the feminine of the adjective Latin sērus (“late”), used as a noun. DEI notes that the Late Latin noun is…

It is inherited from Latin septem (“seven”). The cluster ⟨pt⟩ became ⟨tt⟩ and the final ⟨m⟩ was lost. The numeral is found throughout Romance: French sept, Occitan set, Catalan set, Spanish siete…

1. The pronoun is inherited from Latin sē (“himself, herself, itself, themselves”), the Latin reflexive pronoun: “si” is the unstressed clitic form beside the stressed sé. GRADIT and Treccani add a…

It is the feminine of the adjective sinistro (“left”) used as a noun, short for the phrases meaning “left hand” and “left side”. The adjective is inherited from Latin sinister (“left”), and Latin…

It is from Italian soccorrere (“to help, to rescue”): the noun is the past participle of the verb used as a noun, formed on the model of corso beside correre. GRADIT and Wiktionary trace it instead…

It is inherited from Latin somniō (“to dream”), formed from somnium (“dream”), itself from somnus (“sleep”). The Italian verb is therefore a sister of the noun sogno rather than a derivative of it…

It is from Italian sta (“this”) + notte (“night”), written as one word. “Sta” is the short form of questa, so the compound comes from the phrase “(que)sta notte”. GRADIT derives it from “istanotte”…

It is inherited from Old Italian istesso, with the loss of the first vowel, inherited from Vulgar Latin *istum ipsum (“this very one”). The Latin phrase is the accusative of iste (“that (near you)”)…

It is a derivative of studio, with the verb ending -are; the noun is a learned word, borrowed from Latin studium (“zeal, eagerness; study”), from studeō (“to be eager for, apply oneself, study”)…

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin sufficiēns (“sufficing, adequate”), the present participle of sufficiō (“to supply; to be enough”). Nocentini points to the Late Latin use of the…

It is inherited from Latin sonus (“sound, noise; voice”), derived from sonō (“to sound, resound”). The same word is French son, Occitan so, Catalan so, Portuguese som and Old Spanish sueno (modern…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *ūsāre, recorded in Late and early Medieval Latin, a verb made on Latin ūsus (“used; accustomed”), the past participle of ūtor (“to use”). Devoto and Gabrielli call…

It is the past participle of usare “to use”, used as an adjective and a noun. The verb comes from Late Latin ūsāre, recorded in the 8th century in the Formulae of Sens and formed on Latin ūsus…