giubba

giubba¹ mane

Etymology tree of giubba¹

inherited borrowed derived

Latin iuba

Italian giubba

From the same root · giubba¹

Latin iubātus ← iuba

Pronunciation

• /ˈd͡ʒub.ba/^[1]

Forms

giubba f (plural giubbe)^[1] Literary variants are giuba and the rare iuba.^[2][3][1]

Etymology

The word for the mane is learned: it is borrowed from Latin iuba (“mane; crest”).^{[4][5][6][7][8]} As an inherited word the Latin noun survives only in Sardinia, where it means a horse's mane.^[4][9]

Its own origin is uncertain.^[4][5] De Vaan tentatively accepts the old view that it comes from the root of iubeō (“to order”), as something “moving to and fro”, and reconstructs Proto-Italic *juþā- and Proto-Indo-European *(H)iudh-h₂- (“that moves”).^[10][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The TLIO's first record is in the Sienese translator Ciampolo di Meo Ugurgieri, before 1340, in the plural, with the sense “mane”.^[11] DELI's first records are later: iuba in Caro before 1566, giuba in Tasso in 1585, who writes that the lion too has the ornaments called manes (il leone ancora ha gli ornamenti che son detti giube), and giubba in Marinella and Chiabrera in 1635.^[4]

Semantic evolution

Latin used the word first for the mane of a horse and then of other animals; in Italian it is above all the mane of the lion.^[8][2] The word stayed literary: Chiabrera has the king of beasts shake his proud manes (Scuote le giube altere), Foscolo the manes of horses taken in battle, and Manzoni a lion's hide heavy with a thick mane (grave di folta giuba).^[2][8]

Timeline

• Before 1340 – Ciampolo di Meo Ugurgieri uses giube “manes”.^[11]
• Before 1566 – Caro uses the Latin form iuba.^[4]
• 1585 – Tasso uses giuba.^[4]
• 1635 – Marinella and Chiabrera use giubba.^[4]

Meanings

Noun

1. (literary) The mane, especially of the lion, also of the horse and other animals.^{[6][7][3][2][12][1]}

giubba² jacket

Pronunciation

• /ˈd͡ʒub.ba/^[1]

Forms

giubba f (plural giubbe)^[1] Old forms include Old Italian guba, Old Italian giuba, Old Italian çupa and Old Italian çuba.^[11] The central Italian form giuppa is obsolete.^[3][12]

Etymology

The word for the jacket is borrowed from Arabic جُبَّة (jubba, “cotton undergarment”).^{[4][5][6][1][13]} The Arabic word spread widely in the Romance languages, above all in Italian, and Medieval Latin records go back at least to the 11th century.^[4] DIFIT gives Medieval Latin giuppa in Sicily in the 12th century, and DEI says the garment spread in Italy from Venice.^[14][13] With the Arabic article the same word became Spanish aljuba (“long Moorish robe”).^[5][15]

Prati holds that the old forms giuppa and giuppone came back from French.^[16]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELI's first record is the form guba in a Florentine document of 1284; the TLIO also dates its first record to 1284.^[4][11] The account notes two gold florins paid out in cloth per guba, for a jubba.^[8] The TLIO defines the garment as a long sleeved robe, usually padded, worn under the other clothes.^[11]

Semantic evolution

Old Italian also used the word for armour protecting the chest.^[11] The form giubba appears in Boccaccio about 1336, who dresses Florio in a rich giubba of sendal (vestito d'una ricca giubba di zendado).^[4][8] It then became the outer garment of the upper classes, padded and embroidered with puffed sleeves, and by the 18th century a kind of long coat.^[8] In 1861 Tommaseo described the giubba of his day, a coat with two tails behind, as a fashion that would seem ridiculous to his grandchildren.^[17]

In modern Italian the word is a Tuscan word for a jacket, the tunic of a military uniform, the silk jacket of a jockey in the stable's colours, and in Tuscany a tailcoat.^[6][2][3] The giubbe rosse were the British soldiers in the American War of Independence and are today the Canadian mounted police.^[2][18] DELI records giubbetto in Compagni in 1310–1312 and giubbone before 1380.^[4][5] Giubbotto is from 1957.^[4][5]

Through Italian the word gave French jupe, first a jerkin, a dress by 1603, and today a skirt.^[5][14] DEI says it passed from Sicilian to French in the 12th century.^[13] German Joppe is recorded about 1200, and the obsolete Schaube goes back to the same word.^[14][1]

Timeline

• 11th century – Medieval Latin records of the word begin.^[4]
• Before 1188 – French jupe is recorded.^[14]
• About 1200 – German Joppe is recorded.^[14]
• 1284 – Guba appears in a Florentine document.^[4]
• 1310–1312 – Compagni uses giubbetto.^[4]
• About 1336 – Boccaccio uses the form giubba.^[4]
• Before 1380 – Giubbone is recorded.^[4]
• 1957 – Giubbotto is recorded.^[5]

Meanings

Noun

1. A jacket, especially the jacket of a military uniform; in Tuscany any man's jacket.^{[6][18][3][2]}
2. (Tuscany) A tailcoat, a man's formal coat with tails; marsina.^[6][7][2]
3. A jockey's jacket in the colours of the stable.^[6][18][2]
4. (historical) A sleeved tunic of eastern origin worn as an undergarment; later a man's garment of the upper classes, between the 12th and the 17th century.^[6][7][2]
5. (historical) A padded jacket of leather reinforced with plates, worn as armour.^[6][3][11]

Word family

• giubbetto
• giubbone
• giubbotto
• giubbino
• giubberello
• sottogiubba