Etymology and origin of the Proto-West Germanic word *hauhī
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- Inherited from
- Proto-Germanic *hauhį̄
Reconstruction
Ringe and Taylor reconstruct *hauhī "height" for Proto-West Germanic,[1] and Wiktionary has the same form.[2]
Etymology
It is inherited from Proto-Germanic *hauhį̄ (“height”),[3][4] which Köbler cites as *hauhī-, *hauhīn and EWA as *χau̯χīn-.[3][4] EWA calls it an abstract noun of quality formed from the adjective, Old High German hōh,[4] and Wiktionary analyses it as *hauh "high" with the abstract suffix *-ī.[2] Gothic has the same noun, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌴𐌹 (hauhei).[4][3]
Morphology
A feminine n-stem.[1] Ringe and Taylor's Proto-West Germanic singular has the nominative *hauhī and the accusative, genitive and dative-instrumental *hauhīn; they give no plural for it.[1] EWA classes the Old High German noun as an īn-stem,[4] while Köbler lists the Old Saxon, Old Dutch and Old High German words as strong ī-stems.[5][6][7]
Evidence
The noun is attested in Old Saxon hōhi, once in the Heliand, in the dative singular;[5] Old Dutch hōi, in the Old Low Franconian psalms of the 10th century and in Williram's commentary on the Song of Songs of about 1100;[8] and Old High German hōhī, in the Abrogans and many other glosses, Tatian, Otfrid and Notker.[4] In the psalms it glosses Latin altitūdō and excelsus.[6] Neither Köbler nor Wiktionary gives an Old English or Old Frisian form.[3][2] In its place stands Old English hīehþ (“height”), which Ringe and Taylor derive from Proto-Germanic *hauhiþō, beside Old High German hōhida;[9] Wiktionary reconstructs it for Proto-West Germanic as *hauhiþu.[10]
Meanings
Old High German also used the noun for "greatness, sublimity, pride, summit, gable" and "fortified hill",[4] and Old Dutch for "greatness".[6]
Reflexes
- Old Saxon: hōhi (“height”)[5]
- Old Dutch: hōi (“height, highest point”)[8]
- Old High German: hōhī (“height, greatness, sublimity, summit”)[4]
References
- ^ a b c d Ringe, Don; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English, A Linguistic History of English II, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 117
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *hauhī
- ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Germanisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. *hauhī-
- ^ a b c d e f g h Lloyd, Albert L.; Springer, Otto; Lühr, Rosemarie, et al. (1988–), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; online ewa.saw-leipzig.de, p. s.v. hôhî
- ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altsächsisches Wörterbuch, 5th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. hôhi
- ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard, Altniederfränkisches Wörterbuch, online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. hōi
- ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, 6th ed., online, koeblergerhard.de/wikiling, p. s.v. hōhī
- ^ a b Oudnederlands Woordenboek (2009–), Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal, Leiden; gtb.ivdnt.org, p. s.v. hōi
- ^ Ringe, Don; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English, A Linguistic History of English II, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 245
- ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. *hauhiþu
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“*hauhī.” Etymologically, 16 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/gmw-pro/*hauh%C4%AB. Accessed 16 Nov. 2026.
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