dogmático

Forms

dogmático (feminine dogmática, masculine plural dogmáticos, feminine plural dogmáticas)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Late Latin dogmaticus, from Ancient Greek δογματικός (dogmatikós, “of or for doctrines”).^[2][1] Corominas lists it among the derivatives of dogma, with the date 1732.^[3] The Greek adjective is formed from δόγμα (dógma) with the suffix -ικός (-ikós).^[1] The Greek noun comes from the verb δοκέω (dokéō, “to seem, be of the opinion”), which Wiktionary traces to Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take”).^[4][1]

In Greek the adjective was used of physicians who went by general principles, as opposed to the empirics, and of philosophers who held positive doctrines.^[5] Ausonius has the Latin word of philosophic disputes, and in Medieval Latin it meant “belonging to Christian teaching”.^[6][7] The same word is Catalan dogmàtic, French dogmatique, Italian dogmatico and Portuguese dogmático, the Portuguese one recorded from 1619.^{[8][1][9][10]}

Earliest recorded meaning

Autoridades (1732) defines it as what pertains to dogmas, quoting Alcázar's chronicle and the Prince of Esquilache's sacred sonnets on dogmáticos errores.^[11] It also records an author who writes about dogmas.^[12] A commentary on Mena's Trescientas quoted there gives the philosophical sense: dogmatists debate things as knowable, sceptics as unknowable.^[12]

Semantic evolution

Salvá (1846) recorded the figurative use for a magisterial, pedantic tone or style, and a philosopher who lays down principles as certain.^[13] Domínguez gave the plural dogmáticos for an ancient school of physicians who used logic and experience.^[14] The Academy had the philosophical sense in 1869.^[15] Alemany (1917) gave the etymology and the noun dogmática, the body of a religion's dogmas.^[16] In the Americas the word is recorded from 1746, in Mexico, of materias dogmáticas.^[17] The DLE now adds the senses “inflexible, holding one's opinions as unquestionable truths” and a term of legal writing.^[2]

Timeline

• 1611 – first record of dogmatista.^[3]
• 1732 – the Diccionario de Autoridades records dogmático, Corominas's first date.^[11][3]
• 1746 – first record from the Americas, in Mexico.^[17]
• 1846 – Salvá records the figurative sense “magisterial, pedantic”.^[13]
• 1869 – the Academy records the philosophical sense.^[15]
• 1917 – Alemany gives the noun dogmática.^[16]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of or relating to the dogmas of a religion: teología dogmática.^[2][18]
2. Of an author: writing about dogmas.^[2][18]
3. (philosophy) Professing dogmatism (dogmatismo); also as a noun.^[2]
4. dogmatic, inflexible: holding one's opinions as unquestionable truths: Es tan dogmático que nunca escucha a nadie.^[2][19][1]
5. (law) Of a method of exposition: following doctrinal principles rather than the order of the codes, as opposed to the exegetical method.^[2]

Noun

1. (feminine, dogmática) The body of dogmas or principles of a doctrine.^[2][16]

Related words

• dogmatismo
• dogmatizar
• dogmatista
• Late Latin dogmaticus

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. dogmático
3. ^ a b c Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. dogma
4. ^ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 2, 510
5. ^ Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; Jones, Henry Stuart (1940), A Greek-English Lexicon, 9th ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press
6. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
7. ^ Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
8. ^ Alcover, Antoni M.; Moll, Francesc de B. (1930–1962), Diccionari català-valencià-balear, 10 vols., Palma de Mallorca: Moll, p. s.v. dogmàtic
9. ^ Echegaray, Eduardo de (1887–1889), Diccionario general etimológico de la lengua española, 5 vols., Madrid: José María Faquineto, p. 877
10. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. dogmático
11. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1726–1739), Diccionario de la lengua castellana (Diccionario de Autoridades), 6 vols., Madrid: Francisco del Hierro, p. 3, 328
12. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1726–1739), Diccionario de la lengua castellana (Diccionario de Autoridades), 6 vols., Madrid: Francisco del Hierro, p. 3, s.v. dogmático
13. ^ a b Salvá, Vicente (1846), Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana, París: Librería de Don Vicente Salvá, p. 414
14. ^ Domínguez, Ramón Joaquín (1846–1847), Diccionario nacional o gran diccionario clásico de la lengua española, 2 vols., Madrid: Establecimiento Léxico-Tipográfico de R. J. Domínguez, p. 637
15. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1869), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 11th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de Don Manuel Rivadeneyra, p. 288
16. ^ a b c Alemany y Bolufer, José (1917), Diccionario de la lengua española, Barcelona: Ramón Sopena, p. 613
17. ^ a b Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. dogmático
18. ^ a b Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. dogmático
19. ^ Battaner Arias, Paz (dir.) (2017), Diccionario general de la lengua española VOX, Barcelona: Larousse Editorial, p. s.v. dogmático