1600s · Early Modern English
English words first recorded in the 17th century
1,238 English words whose earliest known written record dates from the 17th century, earliest first (page 3). Words dated only to part of the century follow the ones with a year.
honorary
1606It is borrowed from Latin honōrārius (“given voluntarily; of or from public office”), from honor (“honour, public office”) and the suffix -ārius. Etymonline instead forms it in English from honour…
lighthouse
1606It is a compound from English light + house. The OED compares the earlier firehouse and light tower in the same sense.
majestic
1606It is formed from English majesty + -ic. It followed the earlier majestical, recorded from the 1570s, and the classically more correct majestatic (1650s) is now archaic or obsolete. Majesty is from…
multilateral
1606It is formed from English multi- + lateral. The Shorter Oxford derives it instead from Late Latin multilaterus with the suffix -al, or from Medieval Latin multilateralis; the OED records the first…
operate
1606It is probably a back-formation from English operation, reinforced by Latin operātus, past participle of operor “to work, labour”, in Late Latin “to have effect, be active”, from opus, operis…
orchestra
1606It is borrowed from Latin orchēstra (“place in the theatre where the senate sat”), from Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra, “space where the chorus danced”), from orkheîsthai, to dance, with -tra denoting a…
plug
1606It is probably borrowed from Dutch plug, from plugge (“bung, stopper”), originally a seamen's term, cognate with Middle Low German pluck and German Pflock (“peg”), all of uncertain or unknown…
preferable
1606The revised OED takes it as formed from English prefer + -able, probably on the model of French préférable, recorded in Middle French from 1516; the Merriam-Webster Unabridged, the Shorter Oxford…
reliance
1606It is from English rely + -ance. The verb goes back through Middle English relien (“to rally, assemble”) to Old French relier (“to assemble, fasten”), from Latin religō (“to bind fast”), from re-…
retaliate
1606It is borrowed from Latin retāliō (“to pay back in kind”), formed on its past participial stem, recorded in the 2nd century in Aulus Gellius for making amends for a wrong by an equal punishment and…
role
1606It is borrowed from French rôle (“part played by a person”), literally “roll”, the roll of paper on which an actor's part was written, from Old French rolle (“roll of parchment”), from Late Latin…
starship
1606It is formed from English star + ship.
subcommittee
1606It is formed from English sub- + committee, the prefix marking a subordinate position. Committee comes from Anglo-Norman commite, formed from commit and the suffix -ee; the verb is from Latin…
ammunition
1607It is borrowed from Middle French amunition, also amonition, from a mistaken division of la munition, the munitions, as if it were l'amunition, perhaps influenced by the French word for a warning…
archaeology
1607It is borrowed from Late Latin archaeologia, the title of a work by Josephus, and its source Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología, “ancient legends or history”), formed from ἀρχαιο- (arkhaio-)…
autopsy
1607It is borrowed from New Latin autopsia (“a seeing with one's own eyes, careful visual examination”), and partly directly borrowed from Ancient Greek αὐτοψία (autopsía, “a seeing with one's own…
criticism
1607It is formed from English critic + -ism, or from Latin criticus and -ism.
dual
1607It is borrowed from Latin duālis (“containing two”), from duo (“two”), from PIE Proto-Indo-European *dwo- (“two”) (see two). Barnhart notes that Latin duālis is thought to be Quintilian's…
ethical
1607It is ethic with the suffix -al, ultimately from Latin ethicus, from Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós), from ἦθος (êthos, “custom, character”).
eventual
1607The OED takes it as formed from English event + -ual, perhaps on the pattern of actual, and compares Medieval Latin eventualis (“contingent, conditional”), recorded from 1540. Merriam-Webster…
hamster
1607It is borrowed from German Hamster, from Middle High German hamster, also hamastra, from Old High German hamustro, also hamustra. The Old High German word and Old Saxon hamustra are recorded only as…
maestro
1607It is borrowed from Italian maestro (“master”), from Latin magister (“master, chief, teacher”), the source also of master. Etymonline explains magister as "he who is greater", from magis (“more”)…
parody
1607It is borrowed from Late Latin parōdia, found in post-classical Latin from the 4th century and earlier as a Greek word in classical Latin, from Ancient Greek παρῳδία (parōidía, “a burlesque song or…
preview
1607It is formed from pre-, before, and view.
sacrificial
1607It is from Latin sacrificium (“a sacrifice”) with the suffix -al, replacing the older adjective sacrifical; the OED compares Middle French sacrificial of the 16th century. The Latin noun, the source…
tab
16071. It is of uncertain or unknown origin, possibly a dialect word, and perhaps related to tag. Etymonline compares Norwegian dialectal tave, piece of cloth, rag. 2. In the sense of a bill, it is…
unbiased
1607It is formed from English un- + biased. Biased is the past-participle adjective of the verb bias, whose noun is from French biais (“a slant, slope”), a French word of unknown origin.
amphibious
1608It is borrowed from Latin amphibius (“living both on land and in water”) and directly borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀμφίβιος (amphíbios, “living a double life”), with the suffix -ous. The Shorter…
decimal
1608It is borrowed from Medieval Latin decimālis (“of tithes or tenths”), from Latin decima (“a tenth part, tithe”), the feminine of decimus (“tenth”), from decem (“ten”), from Proto-Indo-European…
equilibrium
1608It is borrowed from Latin aequilībrium (“an even balance; a horizontal position”), from aequilībris (“level, evenly balanced”), formed from aequus (“equal”) and lībra (“a balance, pair of scales…
huh
1608It is a natural exclamation, imitative of a grunt.
innovative
1608It is formed from English innovate + -ive.
separatist
1608It is formed from English separate + -ist, from the adjective according to the OED and Dictionary.com, from the verb according to Etymonline. Separate is from Latin sēparātus, the past participle of…
sherry
1608It is a back-formation from English sherris, which was taken for a plural, or which lost its final -s in the phrase “sherris sack”. Sherris is from Spanish vino de Xeres (“wine of Xeres”), named…
stroller
1608It is formed from English stroll + -er, as an agent noun from the verb. The verb, recorded from about 1600 for roaming without a home, is of uncertain origin. The OED suggests that it may be one of…
enigmatic
1609It is borrowed from Late Latin aenigmaticus, from Ancient Greek αἰνιγματικός (ainigmatikós), from αἴνιγμα (aínigma, “riddle”), the source of enigma. The Shorter Oxford and the Oxford Dictionary of…
facial
1609It is borrowed from French facial or directly Medieval Latin facialis (“of the face”), from facies (“form, shape, face”) (see face).
greed
1609It is a back-formation from English greedy, which is from Middle English gredi, from Old English grǣdig (“voracious, hungry; covetous”), from Proto-Germanic *grēdagaz, a derivative of *grēduz…
indistinguishable
1609It is formed from English in- (“not”) + distinguishable. Distinguishable, recorded from the 1590s, is from English distinguish + -able; the OED compares Medieval Latin distinguibilis and French…
problematic
1609It is borrowed from Middle French problématique, from Late Latin problēmaticus, from Ancient Greek προβληματικός (problēmatikós, “relating to a problem”), from πρόβλημα (próblēma) (see problem).
reluctance
1609The revised OED takes it as formed from English reluctant + -ance, comparing Italian reluttanza. Barnhart and Etymonline instead derive it from the obsolete verb reluct, to struggle against (1526)…
revival
1609It is formed from revive and -al.
simplify
1609It is borrowed from French simplifier (“to make simpler”), which the OED dates to the mid-15th century in Middle French as simplefier, first in the sense of bringing a person to a state of…
skid
1609–1610The origin is uncertain. It is perhaps borrowed from Old Norse skíð (“stick of wood, billet”), the source of ski; Etymonline calls it probably from a Scandinavian source akin to that word. The OED…
tact
1609It is borrowed from Latin tāctus (“touch, sense of touch”), in the modern sense directly borrowed from French tact, recorded in French in the sense of touch from the 14th century and in Voltaire in…
torrent
1609It is borrowed from French torrent, and directly borrowed from Latin torrēns (“a rushing stream”), the noun use of the present participle of torreō (“to scorch, parch, burn”), which meant "burning…
totem
1609It is from an Algonquian language, probably Ojibwa: compare Ojibwe ototeman (“his sibling kin; his totem”) and nindoodem (“my totem”). The RHWU suggests that the stem originally meant…
typical
1609It is borrowed from Medieval Latin typicālis (“symbolic, figurative”), from Late Latin typicus “of a type”, from Ancient Greek τυπικός (typikós), from Ancient Greek τύπος (týpos, “impression, model…
umbrella
1609It is borrowed from Italian ombrello or ombrella, from Late Latin umbrella, altered under the influence of umbra (“shade, shadow”) from Latin umbella (“sunshade, parasol”), a diminutive of umbra…
adaptation
1610It is borrowed from French adaptation, from Late Latin adaptātiō, a noun of action from adaptō, to adjust, from ad-, to, and aptō, to fit, from aptus, fitted (see adapt and apt).
assassination
1610It is a noun of action formed from English assassinate + -ation. The verb comes from Medieval Latin assassīnātus, the past participle of assassīnō (“to murder”), from assassīnus, the source of…
basement
1610It is probably formed from base and -ment, perhaps influenced by French soubassement (“substructure”). Hoad, NODE and SOED instead derive it from obsolete Dutch basement, foundation (West Flemish…
coronary
1610It is borrowed from Latin corōnārius (“of or belonging to a crown or wreath”), formed from corōna (“garland, wreath, crown”) with -ārius. Corōna is the source of crown and coronation. Barnhart…
dissatisfaction
1610It is formed from English dis- + satisfaction. Satisfaction is from Old French satisfaction, from Latin satisfactiō (“a satisfying of a creditor”), from satisfaciō (“to discharge fully, make…
insensitive
1610It is formed from English in- (“not”) + sensitive. Sensitive is from Old French sensitif (“capable of feeling”) and Medieval Latin sēnsitīvus (“capable of sensation”), from Latin sēnsus (“sense”)…
missile
1610It is borrowed from Latin missile (“a weapon that can be thrown”), the neuter of missilis, capable of being thrown, from missus, the past participle of mittere (“to send, throw”) (see mission)…
momentum
1610It is borrowed from Latin mōmentum (“movement, moving power”), from *movimentum, from moveō, to move; it is a doublet of moment.
mythical
1610It is borrowed from Latin mȳthicus (“legendary”) with the English suffix -al; the OED notes that the Latin adjective is recorded from Varro by Augustine. The Latin word is from Ancient Greek μυθικός…
niche
1610It is borrowed from French niche (“recess, kennel”), perhaps from Italian nicchia (“niche, nook”), from nicchio (“seashell”), probably from Latin mitulus (“mussel”), though the change of m to n is…
nomenclature
1610It is borrowed from French nomenclature or directly borrowed from Latin nōmenclātūra (“a calling by name; list of names”), from nōmenclātor (“one who names”), from nōmen (“name”) and calō (“to call…