English words first recorded in the 15th century

It is borrowed from Latin surrogātus, the past participle of surrogō (“to put in another's place, substitute”), an assimilated variant of subrogō. This was formed from sub- (“under, in the place…

It is borrowed from Middle French tire (“rank, sequence, order”), from Old French tire, probably from tirer (“to draw, draw out”) (see tirade), of unknown origin.

Its origin is uncertain or unknown. It may be Scandinavian; compare Norwegian tossa (“to strew, spread”) in dialect.

It is inherited from Middle English transicion, from Latin trānsitiō (“a going across”) (perhaps through French), a noun of action from the past participle stem of trānseō “to go across”. It is…

It is formed from English un- + fortunate.

It is formed from un- and necessary.

It is from English un- + pleasant. The MED enters it as unplesaunt, formed on plesaunt, and the OED compares unpleasing.

It is formed from English un- + think + -able. Its Middle English forms include unthenkable and unthencable. The positive thinkable is recorded only from 1764 in the OED, and Etymonline suggests…

It is borrowed from Middle French urgent (“pressing, impelling”), from Latin urgens, the present participle of urgēre (“to press hard, urge”) (see urge).

1. The extreme degree is inherited from Middle English utteraunce, also uttraunce, borrowed from Old French outrance, also oultrance, with its form changed by association with the adjective utter…

It is late Middle English, from Latin audītus (“a hearing, a listening”), from audiō, to hear (see audible), probably formed under the influence of the earlier auditor (before 1333). In Medieval…

It is inherited from Middle English extraordinarie, borrowed from Latin extrāōrdinārius (“out of the common order”), from the phrase extrā ōrdinem “out of the usual order”, from extrā (“outside”)…

It is inherited from Middle English mink, also mynk, apparently borrowed from Middle Low German menk, also meync and mink, a mink or its pelt, whose further origin is unknown. Other dictionaries…

It is inherited from Middle English audacite, borrowed from Medieval Latin audacitas (“boldness”), from Latin audāx (“bold, daring”), from audeō (“to be bold, to dare”). The OED and Merriam-Webster…

It is borrowed from Middle French correspondant or directly Medieval Latin correspondēns, the present participle of correspondeō (“to correspond, harmonize”), from com- (“together”) and respondeō…

It is inherited from Middle English dismissen, apparently borrowed from Latin dīmissus, the past participle of dīmittō (“to send away, discharge”), with the prefix changed to dis- by analogy with…

It is inherited from Middle English factour (“agent, representative”), borrowed from Middle French facteur (“agent, representative”) (Old French faitor “doer, author, creator”), from Latin factor…

It is inherited from Middle English heder, from hed (“head”) and -er (see head).

It is borrowed from Late Latin incentīvum, the noun use of the neuter of Latin incentīvus, setting the tune, in Late Latin inciting, from incentus, past participle of incinō, to strike up, blow into…

It is borrowed from Latin incorrēctus (“uncorrected, unimproved”), from in- (“not”) and corrēctus (“corrected, amended”), the past participle of corrigō (“to put straight, reform”) (see correct). It…

It is inherited from Middle English mechanicall, formed from English mechanic + -al, the base coming through Middle French mécanique and Latin mēchanicus from Greek μηχανικός (mēkhanikós, “of…

It is borrowed from Middle French permanent, or directly from Latin permanēns (“remaining”) (stem permanent-), present participle of permaneō “to endure, stay to the end”, from per “through” and…

It is formed from English re- + charge, perhaps partly after Anglo-Norman recharger, recorded in Old French from about 1165 as rechargier. The Anglo-Norman verb, recorded from the early 12th…

It is inherited from Middle English resulten, borrowed from Medieval Latin resultō (“to result”), from Latin resultō (“to spring back, rebound, re-echo”), a frequentative formed on the past…

It is inherited from Middle English securite, borrowed from Old French securite and directly borrowed from Latin sēcūritās (“freedom from care, safety”), from sēcūrus (“free from care, safe”), the…

It is inherited from Middle English successif, borrowed from Old French successif and directly Medieval Latin successīvus, from successus, the past participle of succēdō (“to come after, follow”)…

The adjective is borrowed from Medieval Latin summārius (“of the sum or substance”), from Latin summa (“whole, totality, gist”) (see sum) and the suffix -ārius. The noun, from 1509, is from Latin…

It is Middle English, an agent noun from the verb support with the suffix -er.

It is a respelling of controller, made because the first syllable of that word was linked with compt, a spelling of the verb count, which is not related to it. Etymonline and Merriam-Webster point…

It is inherited from Middle English contributour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman contributour, a Latin-type agent noun formed from contribūt-, the participial stem of contribuō (“to bring together, add…

It is inherited from Middle English disappointen, borrowed from Middle French desappointer (“to remove from an appointed office, to depose”) (now French désappointer), also given as desapointier…

It is inherited from Middle English simbal, symbole, borrowed from Middle French symbole, and directly borrowed from Late Latin symbolum (“creed, token, mark”), from Ancient Greek σύμβολον…

It is inherited from Middle English acqueren (1450), borrowed from Old French aquerre (“to acquire, gain”), from Vulgar Latin *acquaerō, a recomposition of Latin acquīrere (“to get in addition”)…

It is inherited from Middle English creditour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman creditour (“person to whom a debt is owed”), which the Anglo-Norman Dictionary records from 1353, and directly borrowed from…

It is borrowed from Latin prōvidēns (“exercising foresight, careful, prudent”), stem prōvident-, the present participle of prōvideō (“to see beforehand, foresee, provide for”), from prō- (“ahead”)…

It is borrowed from Latin regenerātus, the past participle of regenerō (“to produce again, reproduce”), which is formed from re- (“again”) and generō (“to beget, create”). The adjective came first…

It is borrowed from Latin simulātus, the past participle of simulō (“to make like, imitate, counterfeit”), from similis (“like”), the source of similar. Barnhart and Etymonline think the verb was…

It is formed from English think + -er, an agent noun from the verb. The Middle English form was thenkare, from thenken (“to think”) and the suffix -er. The verb think goes back to Old English þencan.

It is inherited from Middle English tyght, an alteration of thight, borrowed from Old Norse þéttr (“watertight, close in texture, solid”), and partly from Old English -þiht, as in meteþiht “stout…

It is inherited from Middle English assumen, borrowed from Latin assūmō (“to take up, take to oneself, receive”), from ad- “to, toward” and sūmō “to take”, itself from sub “under” and emō “to take…

It is borrowed from Anglo-Norman disclaimer (“disavowal, denial”), the Anglo-Norman infinitive desclamer, also disclaimer, "to disclaim", used as a noun, as in the legal terms attainder and…

It is inherited from Middle English discoragen, also discouragen, borrowed from Middle French descourager, also descorager, and Anglo-Norman descuragier, from Old French descoragier (“to…

It is inherited from Middle English grocerie, from grocer with the suffix -y, or from Old French grosserie, from grossier, a wholesale merchant.

It is formed from English hinder + -ance, in Middle English hinderaunce and hindraunce, on the model of words of French origin such as resistance. Etymonline calls it a hybrid, a native verb with a…

It is inherited from Middle English iminent, also ymynent, borrowed from Latin imminēns (“overhanging; impending”), partly through Middle French imminent, the present participle of immineō (“to…

It is formed from English insist + -ence, although the noun is recorded more than a century before the verb: the MED derives it from Old French insister (“to insist”) and Latin īnsistō, the OED from…

It is inherited from Middle English investigacioun, borrowed from Old French investigacion, and directly from Latin investīgātiō (“a searching into”), from investīgō (“to trace out, search after”)…

It is borrowed from Middle Dutch mart, a variant of marct (“market”), which goes back to Latin mercātus (“trade, market”), the source of market. Etymonline instead takes mart as a contraction of…

It is borrowed from Middle French mémorable, a learned borrowing of Latin memorābilis, worth remembering, from memorō, to bring to mind, from memor, mindful (see memory).

It is borrowed from Anglo-Norman trial, triel, a noun formed from Old French trier “to try, pick out, cull”, the source of try, from Gallo-Roman *triāre, of unknown origin, with the suffix -al.

It is inherited from Middle English ample, borrowed from Anglo-Norman ample and ample, and partly directly from Latin, Latin amplus (“large, spacious; abundant; magnificent”). The French adjective…

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin allocātus, the past participle of allocō (“to place, allot, allow”), which is formed from Latin ad- (“to”) and locō (“to place”), from locus (“place”). An earlier…

It is inherited from Middle English bracelet, borrowed from Old French bracelet, recorded in French from the 14th century, a diminutive of bracel (“armlet, bracelet”), from Latin bracchiāle…

It is inherited from Middle English citen (“to summon”), partly borrowed from Middle French citer (“to summon to a court”) and partly from its source, Latin citō (“to move, excite, summon; to…

It is inherited from Middle English redemen, borrowed from Middle French redimer (“to buy back”), also redemer in Anglo-Norman, and directly borrowed from Latin redimō (“to buy back, ransom”). The…

It is inherited from Middle English corporacioun, from Anglo-Latin use of Late Latin corporationem (“assumption of a body”), used of the Incarnation, a noun of action from the past participle stem…

It is inherited from Middle English donour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman donour and Old French doneur (modern French donneur), from Latin dōnātor (“giver”), an agent noun from dōnō (“to give as a…

It is inherited from Middle English gallerie, borrowed from Middle French galerie (“a long portico”), from Italian galleria “gallery, church porch” and Medieval Latin galeria, of uncertain origin…

It is borrowed from Latin gladiātor (“swordsman, fighter in the public games”), from gladius (“sword”) and the agent suffix -ātor. Barnhart suggests that some later instances spelled with “-our”…

It is inherited from Middle English moquerie, also mokkerie, borrowed from Anglo-Norman mokerie and Middle French mocquerie, also moquerie, formed from moquer (“to mock”) and the suffix -erie, the…