hatred

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈheɪtɹɪd, ˈheɪtɹəd/ (UK); /ˈheɪtɹɪd/ (US)^[1]

Etymology

It is Middle English hatred, hatereden, from hate and the rare suffix -red, indicating a condition or state,^[2][3][4][5] from Old English rǣden, state, condition,^[2][3] related to rǣdan, to advise, rule, read (from Proto-Indo-European *re-, to reason, count).^[2] Compare the second element of kindred.^[2][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The state of relations in which one person hates another: the early 13th century in Etymonline, before 1300 in the OED.^[2][6]

Semantic evolution

Merriam-Webster dates the first known use to the 12th century.^[3] The word has kept its single sense, a feeling of intense dislike or hostility.^[7][5]

Timeline

• early 13th century – hatred.^[2]
• before 1300 – in the OED.^[6]

Modern meaning

Noun

1. Intense dislike or hostility; enmity.

Word family

• self-hatred

Related words

• hate
• hateful
• heinous
• kindred

References

1. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
3. ^ a b c d Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary (2024), online ed., Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster
4. ^ Pearsall, Judy, ed. (1998), The New Oxford Dictionary of English, Oxford: Clarendon Press
5. ^ a b Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles (2002), 5th ed., ed. William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, Oxford: Oxford University Press
6. ^ a b Simpson, J. A.; Weiner, E. S. C., eds. (1989), The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press
7. ^ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (1992), 3rd ed., Boston: Houghton Mifflin