Etymologically

enchilada

Etymology and origin of the English word enchilada

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ɛnt͡ʃɪˈlɑːdə/ (UK); /ˌɛnt͡ʃɪˈlɑdə/ (US)[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Spanish enchilada from Mexican Spanish,[2][3][4][5][6] the feminine past participle of enchilar “to season with chili”,[3][4][5][6] from Spanish en- (“in”) + chile (“chili”).[2][3][4][5]

Earliest recorded meaning

A Mexican dish of a tortilla with a chili sauce (1876 in Etymonline, after tortillas enchiladas in 1861;[4] 1887 in Barnhart, Merriam-Webster and the OED).[3][5][7]

Semantic evolution

The dish is usually a tortilla rolled around a filling and baked in sauce.[2][5][1] In American slang the whole enchilada means the whole of something,[5][6] and big enchilada or top enchilada the most important person in an organization.[6]

Timeline

  • 1861 – tortillas enchiladas.[4]
  • 1876 – enchilada.[4]
  • 1887 – Barnhart's, Merriam-Webster's and the OED's date.[3][5][7]

Modern meaning

Noun

  1. A tortilla rolled around a filling, usually of meat or cheese, covered with a chili sauce and usually baked.
  2. (slang) the whole enchilada: the whole thing; everything involved.
  3. (slang) big enchilada: the most important person in a group.

Word family

  • big enchilada
  • chili
  • tortilla
  • taco

References

  1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (1992), 3rd ed., Boston: Houghton Mifflin
  3. ^ a b c d e Barnhart, Robert K., ed. (1995), The Barnhart Concise Dictionary of Etymology, New York: HarperCollins
  4. ^ a b c d e f Harper, Douglas, Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (2003), 11th ed., Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster
  6. ^ a b c d Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (1999), 2nd ed., New York: Random House
  7. ^ a b Simpson, J. A.; Weiner, E. S. C., eds. (1989), The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press

Related etymologies

Cite this entry

“Enchilada.” Etymologically, 11 Oct. 2026, etymologically.com/en/enchilada. Accessed 11 Oct. 2026.

Last edited on . ·