Etymologically
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faptu

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Forms

faptu[1]

  • As an adjective, feminine faptă, plural fápți, fápte;[2] Cunia gives the participle of fac as faptã.[3] Katsanis and Dinas list faptu as the participle of facu.[4]
  • The noun “spell” has no plural.[2]
  • Other spellings: FÁPTU in Papahagi's dictionary;[2] φάπτου, feminine -τὰ (faptu, -tă), in Nikolaidis's Greek script.[5]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin factum (“deed, act”) as a noun[6][1] and the Latin past participle factus (“done, made”) as an adjective,[1] both from faciō (“to do, make”);[7][1] Katsanis and Dinas list it as the participle of the verb fac.[4] Pascu files the noun "spell" under the verb and derives it from the Latin noun.[6] De Vaan traces the Latin verb to Proto-Italic *fak-i- and to Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-k- (“to make”), an extension of *dʰeh₁- (“to put”).[7]

The word is shared with Romanian fapt and Megleno-Romanian fat;[8] the Romanian noun also means "spell, bewitchment",[8][9][10] and Ciorănescu notes that in the 16th century it was still the participle of face before făcut replaced it.[8] Further west the Latin word gave Italian fatto, French fait, Occitan fach, Spanish hecho and Portuguese feito.[8][10] The feminine noun faptã "deed, action" continues the Latin plural facta.[6][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The oldest dictionary records used here are the glossary of Papahagi's folk tales of 1905, with "made" and "born",[11] and Dalametra's dictionary of 1906, which glosses "made, built" and quotes loc faptu "ploughed land" and hiă di faptu "I am bewitched".[12]

Semantic evolution

From "made, done" the participle also came to mean "born": eará di múmă fáptu, "he was born of a mother", says that someone was a person of worth, and eáste fáptă toámna that a girl was born in autumn.[2][11] Of a small child it means "soiled", said of one who has dirtied his swaddling clothes,[2][13] which Nikolaidis compares with the same use of the Greek verb for "to make".[5] The noun means a spell or charm: hiu di faptu is "I am bewitched", and Papahagi quotes ca di fáptu, "as if by a spell".[2][12][14]

Timeline

  • 1905 – faptu “made; born” in Papahagi's glossary of folk tales.[11]
  • 1906 – faptu “made, built”, with hiă di faptu “I am bewitched”, in Dalametra's dictionary.[12]
  • 1909 – faptu “made; soiled” in Nikolaidis's dictionary.[5]
  • 1925 – Pascu derives the noun from Latin factum.[6]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Done, made; accomplished.[2][11][12][1]
  2. Born.[2][11]
  3. (of a small child) Soiled with excrement.[2][13][5]

Noun

  1. A spell, charm;[2][6][14][12] di faptu “bewitched”.[2][6][14][12]
  2. A fact.[1]
  • Romanian fapt
  • fac

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 539
  3. ^ Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 439
  4. ^ a b Κατσάνης, Νικόλαος; Ντίνας, Κωνσταντίνος (1990), Γραμματική της κοινής κουτσοβλαχικής, Θεσσαλονίκη: Αρχείο Κουτσοβλαχικών Μελετών, p. 138
  5. ^ a b c d Νικολαΐδης, Κωνσταντίνος (1909), Ετυμολογικόν λεξικόν της κουτσοβλαχικής γλώσσης, Αθήνα, p. 564
  6. ^ a b c d e f Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 84
  7. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  8. ^ a b c d Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
  9. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București
  10. ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  11. ^ a b c d e Papahagi, Pericle (1905), Basme aromâne și glosar, București: Academia Română, p. 593
  12. ^ a b c d e f Dalametra, I. (1906), Dicționar macedo-român, București: Academia Română, p. 89
  13. ^ a b Caragiu Marioțeanu, Matilda et al. (1997), Dicționar aromân (macedo-vlah) DIARO, A–D, București, p. 192
  14. ^ a b c Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net)