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armãn

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Etymology and origin of the Aromanian word armãn

armãn1 Aromanian

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1813 Boiagi's grammar, as cited by Pascu
Inherited from
Latin romanus
Ultimate origin
Latin Rōma

Pronunciation

  • [aɾˈmɨn], [aɾˈmən][1]

Forms

armãn m (feminine armãnã, masculine plural armãnj, feminine plural armãni or armãne, definite singular armãnlu, definite feminine singular armãna, definite plural armãnjlji, definite feminine plural armãnili)[1]

  • Other spellings: armãnu, arãmãn, rãmãn, rrãmãn, rãmen and rrãmen in Wiktionary;[1] Armin, feminine -nă, in Papahagi's dictionary;[2] armanu, feminine armăna, in Mihăileanu's Romanian-based spelling;[3] Armânu in DIARO.[4] Pascu heads it ARMÎN and lists arumîn, rumân and rrămânu from Papahagi's texts, româănu from Boiagi and arîmîn from Nikolaidis.[5]
  • Papahagi notes that the northern Aromanians, of the northern Pindus and of Albania, and above all the Fărșerots, generally call themselves Rumă'n or Rrămă'n, while Aromî'n and Arumî'n belong to the written language.[2]

Etymology

The word for an Aromanian is inherited from Latin rōmānus (“Roman”),[2][5][1] from Rōma (“Rome”) and the suffix -ānus.[6] The initial a- is the usual Aromanian development before a Latin initial r-.[1]

The same word is Romanian român, in its older and popular form rumân, and Istro-Romanian rumăr.[7][8][9] Pușcariu takes the u form as the regular one and the o of the standard Romanian word as a Latinisation, and notes that in old Daco-Romanian the word also meant a servant, a serf or a peasant.[8] In the west the REW records only Portuguese romã (“pomegranate”).[10]

Earliest recorded meaning

The oldest dated form is in Boiagi's grammar of 1813, as Pascu cites it: româănu, with the adjective românescu.[5]

Semantic evolution

The Latin name of the Romans became the name the Aromanians give themselves: an Aromanian, that is a Romance speaker of Macedonia, the Pindus, Thessaly or Albania, in Papahagi's definition,[2] "a Macedonian Romanian" in Mihăileanu's.[3] As an adjective it describes the Aromanians, their language and their culture.[1]

Timeline

  • 1813 – româănu in Boiagi's grammar, as Pascu cites it.[5]
  • 1901 – armanu “Macedonian Romanian” in Mihăileanu's dictionary.[3]
  • 1925 – Pascu derives it from Latin rōmānus.[5]

Meanings

Noun

  1. An Aromanian, a person of Aromanian descent.[1][11][2]

Adjective

  1. Of the Aromanians, their language or their culture.[1]

armãn2 to remain

Confidence
Established
Formation
Inherited
First attested
1770 Kavalliotis's Protopeiria
Inherited from
Latin remaneo
Ultimate origin
Latin maneō
Etymology tree of armãn2
inherited borrowed derived
Latin remaneo
Aromanian armãn
Italian rimanere

Pronunciation

  • [aɾˈmɨn], [aɾˈmən][1]

Forms

armãn (third-person singular armãni or armãne, participle armasã)[1]

  • Second conjugation: aorist armash, imperfect armãneam, participle armasã, long infinitive armãneari or armãneare.[12]
  • Other spellings: armãnu, arãmen, arãmãn, rãmãn, rrãmãn, rãmen and rrãmen in Wiktionary;[1] ARMÎ'N, aorist armáșă, participle armás, infinitive armăneáre, in Papahagi's dictionary;[2] armănu, aorist armáşu, in Mihăileanu's Romanian-based spelling;[3] αρᾶμᾶνου (arâmân) and αρμᾶνου (armanu) in the Greek script of Nikolaidis;[13] arămănu (Meyer's reading) in Kavalliotis's word list of 1770.[14] Pascu lists the infinitives arămîneare, rămîneare, and Boiagi's aremănere and remănere.[15]
  • Regional forms: armãnŭ "to remain; to live" in Bara's dictionary.[16]

Etymology

The verb to remain is inherited from Latin remaneō (“to stay behind, remain”),[2][15][1][13] from re- and maneō (“to stay, remain”).[6] De Vaan traces the simple verb to Proto-Italic *m(o)n-ē- and Proto-Indo-European *mn-eh₁- (“to remain”), probably an old stative, although the shape of the root is disputed.[17]

The verb is common to the four Eastern Romance languages: Romanian rămâne, Megleno-Romanian rămǫn and Istro-Romanian rămăr(esc)u.[7][18] Further west it continues as Italian rimanere, Old French remaindre and Old Spanish remaner.[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in Kavalliotis's word list of 1770, where the word, read by Meyer as arămănu, translates Modern Greek μένω (méno, “I stay”).[14]

Semantic evolution

The Latin sense, to stay where one is, is still the main one.[11][2] With an object the verb means to leave something or someone in a place or a state;[12] Cunia also records the sense to tire, to be left without strength.[12] Mihăileanu quotes armáse oarfanu "he was left an orphan".[3] Bara also gives the sense to live somewhere.[16]

Timeline

  • 1770 – arămănu (Meyer's reading) “I stay” in Kavalliotis's word list.[14]
  • 1813 – the infinitives aremănere and remănere in Boiagi's grammar, as Pascu cites them.[15]
  • 1901 – armănu “to remain” in Mihăileanu's dictionary.[3]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To stay, remain; to be left.[1][11][2]
  2. (transitive) To leave something or someone where it is, or in a certain state.[12][2]
  3. To tire, become exhausted.[12]
  4. To live, dwell.[16]
  • Romanian român
  • Romanian rămâne

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Papahagi, Tache (1974), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, 2nd augmented ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. 205
  3. ^ a b c d e f Mihăileanu, Ștefan (1901), Dicționar macedo-român, București, p. 41
  4. ^ Caragiu Marioțeanu, Matilda et al. (1997), Dicționar aromân (macedo-vlah) DIARO, A–D, București, p. 75
  5. ^ a b c d e Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 40
  6. ^ a b Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  7. ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
  8. ^ a b Pușcariu, Sextil (1905), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der rumänischen Sprache I: Lateinisches Element, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, p. 132
  9. ^ Byhan, Arthur (1899), Istrorumänisches Glossar, Sechster Jahresbericht des Instituts für rumänische Sprache zu Leipzig: 174–366, p. 331
  10. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
  11. ^ a b c Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net)
  12. ^ a b c d e Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 122
  13. ^ a b Νικολαΐδης, Κωνσταντίνος (1909), Ετυμολογικόν λεξικόν της κουτσοβλαχικής γλώσσης, Αθήνα, p. 67
  14. ^ a b c Meyer, Gustav (1895), Albanesische Studien IV: Das griechisch-südrumänisch-albanesische Wörterverzeichnis des Kavalliotis, Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, phil.-hist. Classe 132, p. 84
  15. ^ a b c Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 119
  16. ^ a b c Bara, Mariana (2024), Dictsiunarlu ti cathi dzuuã, online at dixionline.net
  17. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  18. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Densusianu, Ov. (1907–1914), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române: elementele latine (A–Putea), București

Derived terms

Related etymologies

  • featã · also from Latin
  • cu · also from Latin
  • cã · also from Latin
  • tu · also from Latin
  • shi · also from Latin
  • di · also from Latin
  • am · also from Latin
  • yin · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Armãn.” Etymologically, 26 Oct. 2026, etymologically.com/rup/arm%C3%A3n. Accessed 26 Oct. 2026.

Last edited on . ·