apoi
Forms
apoi[1]
- Other spellings: Wiktionary also has apoia and apoea;[1] Cunia heads the word apoea, with apoi, apoaea, deapoea and dapoea among its forms, and does not accept the spelling apoia;[2] Papahagi heads it APÓĬ, APÓĬA;[3] Pascu heads it Apoia, with apoaia and apoi from P. Papahagi's tales.[4]
- apoia in Dalametra's and Weigand's spelling,[5][6] apóia in Mihăileanu's.[7]
Etymology
It is inherited from Latin ad post (“after”),[3][1][8] from ad (“to”) and post (“after, behind”).[9][10] Pascu writes the Latin form as *appoe, from ad and a form *poe.[4] The Latin preposition ad goes back to Proto-Italic *ad and Proto-Indo-European *h₂ed (“to”);[11] post to *posti (“behind, after”) and *pos(ti) (“after”).[11]
The word is common to the Eastern Romance languages: Romanian apoi, Megleno-Romanian napoi (also poia) and Istro-Romanian napoi.[8] Kovačec records Istro-Romanian apói̭ only in comparative phrases such as mai̭ apói̭ (“afterwards; at last”),[12] and Byhan found it only in Žejane.[13] Ciorănescu explains the final -i as in Romanian noi (“we”).[8] Further west the Latin phrase survives in old Italian appo (“behind, after, at”) and old Sardinian appus (“behind”),[9] and Pascu adds Sicilian appoi.[4]
Earliest recorded meaning
Pascu quotes the forms diapoia and depoia "then, later" from Boiagi's grammar of 1813.[4]
Semantic evolution
Papahagi glosses the word "after, then", with the phrase pîn' apóia "in the end".[3] Cunia defines it as the time that comes after another time and adds the senses "later, further on", with pãnã-apoea "to the end".[2] Mihăileanu also gives a sense of place, "back, behind": armáse apóia "he stayed behind".[7] Pascu lists the compounds deapoia, dapoia "then, in the end" and dipriapoia "afterwards, later".[4]
Timeline
- 1813 – diapoia and depoia in Boiagi's grammar, as cited by Pascu.[4]
- 1894 – apoia “then” in Weigand's glossary.[6]
- 1901 – apóia “then; back” in Mihăileanu's dictionary.[7]
- 1906 – apoia “then, afterwards” in Dalametra's dictionary.[5]
Meanings
Adverb
- Then, afterwards, subsequently.[1][3][2]
- Later, further on; at the end.[2][3]
- (of place) Back, behind.[7]
Related words
- nãpoi
- Romanian apoi
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 91
- ^ a b c d e Papahagi, Tache (1963), Dicționarul dialectului aromân, general și etimologic, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 120
- ^ a b c d e f Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 139
- ^ a b Dalametra, I. (1906), Dicționar macedo-român, București: Academia Română, p. 20
- ^ a b Weigand, Gustav (1894), Die Aromunen: ethnographisch-philologisch-historische Untersuchungen, vol. II: Volksliteratur der Aromunen (with a glossary), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, p. 293
- ^ a b c d Mihăileanu, Ștefan (1901), Dicționar macedo-român, București, p. 35
- ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001)
- ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
- ^ Cihac, A. de (1870), Dictionnaire d'étymologie daco-romane I: Éléments latins comparés avec les autres langues romanes, Frankfurt am Main
- ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
- ^ Kovačec, August (1998), Istrorumunjsko-hrvatski rječnik (s gramatikom i tekstovima), Pula
- ^ Byhan, Arthur (1899), Istrorumänisches Glossar, Sechster Jahresbericht des Instituts für rumänische Sprache zu Leipzig: 174–366, p. 187