tolera

Forms

tolera (third-person singular present tolerează, past participle tolerat), first conjugation^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French tolérer.^{[2][3][4][5][1]} The Marcu–Maneca dictionary also compares Latin tolerō (“to bear, endure”).^[6] The French verb was borrowed from the Latin one in 1393.^[7]

Earliest recorded meaning

Negulici's vocabulary of 1848 lists it in the Latinist form tolerare, glossed “to give leave, to allow”, with the present toler, toleri.^[8] MDA2 dates it from Stamati's dictionary of hard words of 1851.^[3]

Semantic evolution

The present tolerez of today replaced Negulici's toler.^[8][2] The sense “to allow what is not permitted, to overlook” is the first, and “to bear (someone) near one” followed, as in French, where the verb had moved from suffering to indulgence.^[4][7] Bolintineanu used it of foreigners who “tolerate” partial privileges.^[4] Medicine added the sense of bearing a drug or a treatment without a bad reaction.^[5][9]

Timeline

• 1848 – tolerare in Negulici's vocabulary.^[8]
• 1851 – in Stamati's dictionary.^[3]
• 1857–1870 – in the dictionaries of Polizu and Costinescu.^[4]
• 1875 – Antonescu glosses it with French tolérer, supporter.^[10]

Meanings

Verb

1. To tolerate, to allow or permit something not permitted, to turn a blind eye to it.^[2][3][1]
2. To bear or put up with someone or something: Nu-și tolera colegii gălăgioși.^[2][3]
3. (medicine) To take a drug or a treatment without an adverse reaction.^[5][9]

Related words

• toleranță
• tolerant

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1130
3. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1236
4. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. tolera
5. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
6. ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
7. ^ a b Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
8. ^ a b c Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
9. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional
10. ^ Antonescu, G. M. (1875), Dictionariu romanu-francesu, Bucuresci: Typografia Curții (Lucrători Associați), p. 316