tăietură

Forms

tăietură f (plural tăieturi)^[1] MDA2 records a regional variant tăitură.^[2]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian tăia + -ătură, from the verb “to cut” with the suffix of action nouns and their results.^[3][2][4][1] The verb goes back to Latin, MDA2 giving Vulgar Latin *taliō as its source.^[2] Earlier dictionaries derived the noun straight from Latin: Șăineanu gave Latin taliatura, and Scriban named it beside the participle tăiat, Italian tagliatura and Spanish tajadura.^[5][6] Wiktionary compares Aromanian tãljiturã, which Pascu took from the same Latin word, glossed “slit”.^[1][7][8]

Earliest recorded meaning

Tiktin's first record is from Coresi's Tetraevanghel of 1561, at John 7:22, where the word means “circumcision”, a sense MDA2 labels obsolete.^[9][2] In Dosoftei's lives of the saints (1682–1686) it is a cut in the body: milk and water flowed „din tăietură” “from the cut” instead of blood.^[4][2]

Semantic evolution

From the act of cutting and the wound it leaves, the word came to name the place where something has been cut: a ravine dug by water, a steep rock face, the cut of a garment, a passage struck out of a text and a press cutting.^[3][2][9] In forestry it is a cleared stretch of forest with the stumps still standing, and Maramureș place names called Tăietură record the clearing of woods for farmland.^[3][10] In the plural it names sharp pains like cuts, colic in Vlahuță.^[9][3] In Bucovina it was also a folk name of the willow gentian, Gentiana asclepiadea.^[11]

Timeline

• 1561 – “circumcision” in Coresi's Tetraevanghel (John 7:22).^[9]
• 1649 – in Mardarie's Slavonic–Romanian lexicon.^[12]
• 1682–1686 – a cut in the body, in Dosoftei's lives of the saints.^[4][2]
• 1688 – the plural tăieturi in the Bucharest Bible.^[13]
• 1825 – in the Lexicon of Buda, glossed Latin caesura.^[14]

Meanings

Noun

1. A cut: the act of cutting, the place where something has been cut, especially a wound made by a sharp tool; also the surface left by a cut and a way of cutting.^[3][2]
2. A channel dug by running water; a steep slope or rock wall.^[3][2]
3. The cut of a garment;^[3][2] (figurative) an outline or contour.^[3][2]
4. A stretch of cleared forest where the stumps can still be seen.^[3][2]
5. (figurative, in the plural) Sharp pains like those of a cut; junghiuri.^[3][9]
6. A deletion in a text, or a passage struck out.^[3][2]
7. A clipping cut out of a newspaper or other print.^[3][2]

Related words

• tăia
• tăiere
• tăietor
• Aromanian tãljiturã

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 1166
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1107
4. ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. tăietură
5. ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 636
6. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună
7. ^ Pascu, Giorge (1925), Dictionnaire étymologique macédoroumain, 2 vols. (I: Les éléments latins et romans; II: Les éléments grecs, turcs, slaves, albanais, germaniques, magyars, néologismes, créations immédiates, obscurs), Iași: Cultura Națională, p. 1, 168
8. ^ Cunia, Tiberius (2008), Dictsiunar a limbãljei armãneascã, Editsii Timpurarã (after T. Papahagi, Ș. Mihăileanu and I. Dalametra; online at dixionline.net), p. 1001
9. ^ a b c d e Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. tăietură
10. ^ Ștef, Dorin (2021), Dicționar de regionalisme și arhaisme din județul Maramureș, 3rd ed., Baia Mare, p. s.v. tăietură
11. ^ Panțu, Zach. C. (1929), Plantele cunoscute de poporul român. Vocabular botanic cuprinzând numirile române, franceze, germane și științifice, 2nd ed., București: Editura Casei Școalelor, p. 296
12. ^ Ungureanu, Mădălina; Gînsac, Ana-Maria; Moruz, Alexandru (eds.), eRomLex: The First Romanian Bilingual Dictionaries (17th century), Iași: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, https://scriptadacoromanica.ro, p. s.v. tăietură
13. ^ Biblia, adecă Dumnezeiasca Scriptură a ceii vechi și a ceii noao leage, București, 1688 (ed. 1988, tricentennial edition), p. PREOȚIA 19:28
14. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 693