stand

Forms

stand n (plural standuri)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French stand, in part through German Stand, with English as the further model: DEX and the DLR name French and German and compare English stand, while Marcu and Maneca give French and English, and Scriban English alone.^{[2][3][4][5][6][7][1]} The French word, recorded once in 1833 and regularly from 1854, was borrowed from English, where the noun is formed on the verb “to stand”.^[8][1] The German noun, from stant, is a verbal noun from the present stem of the Germanic verb for “to stand”.^[9][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2 and the DLR give CADE (1926–1931) as the first record, with the sense “a place set up for shooting contests or gymnastic exercises”.^[4][3]

Semantic evolution

Scriban (1939) adds the space given to each exhibitor at an exhibition.^[7] The sense “test bench for new machines” is recorded by the DLRLC in the 1950s.^[10] A hunters' post where they wait for the game after a drive is recorded in the 1960s.^[3][4]

Timeline

• 1926–1931 – CADE records the shooting and gymnastics sense.^[4][3]
• 1939 – Scriban adds the exhibition stand.^[7]
• 1950s – the test bench sense in the DLRLC.^[10]
• 1961–1962 – the hunters' post in a hunting magazine.^[3]

Meanings

Noun

1. A stand or booth fitted with showcases, tables and panels to display goods at an exhibition or in a shop.^[2][5]
2. A place equipped to check and test new machines; a test bench.^[2][6]
3. A shooting range set up for shooting contests; formerly also a ground for gymnastics.^[2][4]
4. A post where hunters wait for the game after a drive.^[4][3]

Related words

• șteand

Usage notes

DEX gives the variant ștand.^[2] MDA2 and the DLR also list stand as a regional variant of șteand “small lidded tub for dairy produce”, a separate word taken from Transylvanian Saxon.^[4][3][11]

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1046
3. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. stand
4. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 971
5. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
6. ^ a b Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
7. ^ a b c Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 1, 1236
8. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
9. ^ Kluge, Friedrich; Seebold, Elmar (2011), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 25th ed., Berlin / Boston: De Gruyter
10. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne
11. ^ DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 1094