rundă

Forms

rundă f (plural runde)^[1] A neuter variant rond was used for a round of a boxing match: „În rondul 14, Joe Louis a pierdut la puncte” “In round 14 Joe Louis lost on points” (1950).^[2][3]

Etymology

It is borrowed from German Runde (“round, circuit”), and it is also borrowed from French round (“round of a boxing match”), as DEX, MDA2 and the DLR give it, with the English word named as the further model.^[3][4][2] Wiktionary gives only the German word.^[1] The neologism dictionaries name the same two sources;^[5][6] Marcu and Maneca trace the French word to English.^[5][6]

The German noun is an abstract noun formed on the adjective rund (“round”), itself borrowed from French, from Latin rotundus; its sense “round of the guard” was taken again from French ronde in the 17th century.^[7] The French word, first quoted in 1816 as an English boxing term, is English round, which English had taken from French rond in the 13th century and used for a round of a boxing match from 1812.^[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2 and the DLR give as the first record a work by Agârbiceanu, where the word has a regional Transylvanian sense, a serving or quantity in a series: someone praising beer from a freshly opened barrel asks for „numaidecât o rundă” “a round at once”, beer from the barrel.^[4][2]

Semantic evolution

In sport the word took two senses: a round of a boxing match, first as the neuter rond in 1950, and a series of games in a chess tournament in which each player plays once, from 1954.^[2] From sport it was extended to any one of a series of similar actions, such as a round of talks.^[2][6]

Timeline

• 1950 – the variant rond “round of a boxing match” in the sports press.^[2]
• 1954 – rundă “round of a chess tournament” in Scînteia.^[2]
• 1955–1957 – the DLRLC defines the word as a round of a sports competition.^[9]

Meanings

Noun

1. In chess, a series of games in a tournament in which each player plays one game.^[3][4]
2. A round of a boxing match, usually three minutes long; repriză.^[3][9]
3. A round or turn in a game or competition.^[3][1]
4. One of a series of similar actions or events: a doua rundă de alegeri “the second round of the elections”.^[10][4]
5. (regional, Transylvania) A serving or quantity forming part of a series, a round of drinks.^[4][2]

Related words

• German Runde
• French round

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. rundă
3. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 967
4. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 737
5. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. rundă
6. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. rundă
7. ^ Kluge, Friedrich; Seebold, Elmar (2011), Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 25th ed., Berlin / Boston: De Gruyter, p. 777
8. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
9. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 788
10. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. rundă