ruget

Forms

ruget n (plural rugete)^[1]

Etymology

The DLR and MDA2 take it as formed from Romanian rugi + -et, from the archaic verb meaning “to roar”.^[2][3] Wiktionary allows this or a descent from Latin rūgītus (“a roaring”) through a Vulgar Latin *rugĭtus.^[1] Cihac had already set it beside the Latin noun, reading the Romanian word as standing for rugit, and compared Italian ruggito, Spanish rugido and Portuguese rugido.^[4] The Latin noun is formed on rūgiō (“to roar”) with the suffix of action nouns -tus.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Cihac's dictionary of 1870 lists it with a plural rugete and the French gloss rugissement “roaring”.^[4] MDA2's first literary record is in Calistrat Hogaș's Cuconul Ioniță Hrisanti, in the 1938 edition it cites, where a man's laughter is „rugetul de leu” “the lion's roar”.^[3][2]

Semantic evolution

The word has stayed rare: the DLR and MDA2 label it so, and DLRLC calls it unusual, glossing it with the common words for a roar or a lowing.^[2][3][5] Wiktionary marks it archaic as well as rare.^[1]

Timeline

• 1870 – ruget “roaring” in Cihac's dictionary, beside the verb rugi.^[4]
• 1938 – the lion's roar of a man's laughter in Hogaș's Cuconul Ioniță Hrisanti (the edition MDA2 cites).^[3][2]

Meanings

Noun

1. (rare) A roar, bellow or howl, especially of a lion.^[2][3][5][1]

Related words

• rug
• rujet

Usage notes

Two other words are spelled ruget.^[2] One is a regional noun for a place overgrown with brambles, formed on rug “bramble” with the suffix -et;^[6][7][2][8] Tiktin records it from 1805, DER lists it among the derivatives of rug, and it occurs in place names.^[6][7][2][8] The other is a variant of rujet, swine erysipelas, borrowed from French rouget.^[9][2][3]

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. ruget
3. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 734
4. ^ a b c Cihac, A. de (1870), Dictionnaire d'étymologie daco-romane I: Éléments latins comparés avec les autres langues romanes, Frankfurt am Main, p. 235
5. ^ a b Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 784
6. ^ a b Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. ruget
7. ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. rug
8. ^ a b Iordan, Iorgu (1983), Dicționar al numelor de familie românești, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, p. 400
9. ^ DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 966