parcare

Forms

parcare f (plural parcări)^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from Romanian parca (“to park”) + -re, the long infinitive of the verb used as a noun.^[2][1][3][4] The verb is from French parquer, formed on parc.^[2][4][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Costinescu's dictionary of 1870 has parcare as the long infinitive of the verb a parca (also a parqua), “to shut animals in a fold or enclosure”, with the example of penning oxen, sheep and horses.^[5] MDA2's first record of the noun is Aurel Mihale's novel Ogoare noi (1953), in the now rare sense of shutting animals or prisoners in a large enclosure.^[3]

Semantic evolution

The first sense follows that of the French verb: putting cattle, and in MDA2 prisoners too, into an enclosure.^[5][3] The modern sense came with motor traffic: the stopping of vehicles for some time in a place set aside for them, and the storing of materials or machines in a depot.^[3][2] Aviation also uses it for aircraft waiting to take off.^[6] From the action the word passed to the place itself, a car park, in which sense it is a synonym of parcaj and parching.^[7][3]

Timeline

• 1870 – parcare, the long infinitive of a parca “to pen animals”, in Costinescu's dictionary.^[5]
• 1906 – MDA2's first record of the verb parca.^[3]
• 1953 – the noun in Aurel Mihale's Ogoare noi.^[3]
• 1955–1957 – DLRLC defines it as “the action of parking; parcaj”.^[8]

Meanings

Noun

1. parking: the action of leaving a vehicle for some time in a public place set aside for it, and its result.^[2][3][1]
2. A car park, a place for parking vehicles: Am lăsat mașina în parcarea din spatele blocului.^[7][1]
3. The storing of materials or machinery in a depot or yard.^[3]
4. (aviation) The standing of aircraft waiting to take off.^[6]
5. (rare) The penning of animals or prisoners in a large enclosure.^[3]

Related words

• parc
• parcaj
• parching

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 775
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 2, 269
4. ^ a b Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
5. ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci
6. ^ a b Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
7. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. parcare
8. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 3, 323