irlandez

Forms

irlandez m or n (feminine singular irlandeză, masculine plural irlandezi, feminine/neuter plural irlandeze)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French irlandais.^{[2][3][4][5][1]} Wiktionary adds that it can be analysed in Romanian as Irlanda with the suffix -ez.^[1]

The French word is derived from Irlande (“Ireland”) with the suffix -ais, and is recorded from 1567 in Baïf.^[6][7] The name of the island goes back to English Ireland, formed from Irish Éire and land; the origin of the Irish name is uncertain.^[6]

Earliest recorded meaning

The earliest record found is in Barcianu's Romanian–German dictionary of 1886, which has the noun “Irishman”, its feminine irlandeză and the adjective “Irish”.^[8] MDA2 dates the word only from the DEX of 1975.^[3]

Semantic evolution

The word has kept both uses it had in 1886, the noun for a person from Ireland and the adjective.^[8][9] The feminine used as a noun also names the Irish language.^[2][4]

Timeline

• 1886 – the noun and adjective in Barcianu's dictionary, the earliest record found.^[8]
• 1931 – in CADE and in Candrea and Adamescu's encyclopedic dictionary.^[9][10]
• 1975 – in the DEX, MDA2's first record.^[3]

Meanings

Noun

1. An Irishman or Irishwoman: a member of the people of Ireland, or a person from there.^[2][3]
2. (feminine) The Irish language, a Celtic language.^[2][4]

Adjective

1. Irish: of Ireland or its people: muzica irlandeză “Irish music”.^[2][11]

Related words

• Irlanda
• French irlandais

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 524
3. ^ a b c d Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 1165
4. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. irlandez
5. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. irlandez
6. ^ a b Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
7. ^ Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org, p. s.v. irlandais
8. ^ a b c Barcianu, Sava Popovici (1886), Dicționar român-germân și germân-român, revised by D. P. Barcianu, part I: român-germân, Sibiu: Institut tipografic, p. 287
9. ^ a b Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. irlandez
10. ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească", București: Cartea Românească, p. 624
11. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 547