Etymology and origin of the Romanian word genial
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1867–1892 Titu Maiorescu's Critice More words from the 19th century
- Borrowed from
- French génial
- Ultimate origins
- Proto-Italic *gignō,*-i(j)osFrench -al
Etymology tree
From the same root
Forms
genial m or n (feminine singular genială, masculine plural geniali, feminine/neuter plural geniale)[1]
Etymology
It is borrowed from French génial, a neologism of the 19th century.[2][3][4][5][1] The neologism dictionaries name Italian geniale as a second source.[6][7] Scriban derived it from Latin geniālis.[8] It belongs with geniu “genius”.[2]
Earliest recorded meaning
MDA2's first record is in Titu Maiorescu's Critice, the collected essays of 1867–1892, in the sense “gifted with genius”.[3]
Semantic evolution
Scriban gave, beside “having genius” and “showing genius”, a sense “depending on a person's nature”, close to the Latin word.[8] Șăineanu's dictionary of 1929 has only “gifted with genius”, as in cap genial “a mind of genius”.[9] The adjective is also used as an adverb: genial tăiate “carved with genius” in Gherea.[10] In informal speech it now means “great, fantastic”.[1]
Timeline
- 1867–1892 – in Titu Maiorescu's Critice.[3]
- 1929 – cap genial in Șăineanu's dictionary.[9]
- 1931 – CADE: “gifted with genius; showing genius”, from French.[11]
Meanings
Adjective
- (of people) Gifted with genius: un matematician genial.[2][10]
- (of ideas, works, deeds) Showing genius, brilliant: o invenție genială.[2][12]
- (informal) great, fantastic: A fost o seară genială![1]
Related words
Usage notes
The word is pronounced in three syllables, ge-ni-al.[2][10]
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 433
- ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 983
- ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. genial
- ^ Academia Republicii Populare Romîne (1958), Dicționarul limbii romîne moderne, București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. s.v. genial
- ^ Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. genial
- ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. genial
- ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 549
- ^ a b Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 271
- ^ a b c Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 371
- ^ Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. genial
- ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. genial
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Genial.” Etymologically, 12 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/genial. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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