florid

Forms

florid m or n (feminine singular floridă, masculine plural florizi, feminine/neuter plural floride)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Latin flōridus (“flowery, blooming”), a learned loan;^[2][3][4][1] DEX, MDA2, the neologism dictionary of Marcu and Wiktionary all give the Latin word alone.^[2][3][4][1] The dictionary of Marcu and Maneca compares Italian florido and German florid beside it.^[5] The Latin adjective is formed on flōs (“flower”) and flōreō (“to bloom”) with the suffix -idus.^[6][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

MDA2's first record is the Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române of 1975, where it already has the medical sense.^[3]

Semantic evolution

Where Latin flōridus meant “abounding in flowers”, the Romanian word is above all a medical term for a disease in full development.^[6][2] MDA2 and the dictionary of Marcu and Maneca also give the figurative sense “flourishing, prosperous”.^[3][5]

Timeline

• 1975 – first record, in the first edition of DEX.^[3]
• 1986 – Marcu and Maneca add the sense “flourishing, active”.^[5]

Meanings

Adjective

1. (medicine, of a disease) In full development, fully active.^[2][4]
2. (rare) flourishing, prosperous.^[3][5][1]

Related words

• floare
• înflori
• Latin flōs

References

1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 401
3. ^ a b c d e f Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 919
4. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
5. ^ a b c d Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România
6. ^ a b Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press