domiciliu

Forms

domiciliu n (plural domicilii)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French domicile, a neologism of the 19th century, and was also borrowed from Latin domicilium (“dwelling place, abode”) as a learned word.^[2][3][4][5] DELR puts the French model first, MDA2 names only the Latin noun, and Wiktionary gives the two as alternatives.^[2][6][1] The Latin word is formed on domus (“house”).^[2][7] Its second part is unclear: Lewis & Short connect it with the root of cēlō (“to conceal”), and the OLD compares colō (“to inhabit”).^[8][7] The French word was borrowed from the Latin one in 1326.^[9]

The rare old variants domicil, domițil and domițiliu are recorded beside it.^[2][6] The DLR takes the second of them from German Domizil, while Iordan, as DELR reports, explains it from the third.^[2][10]

Earliest recorded meaning

The first record is in Negulici's dictionary of neologisms of 1848, which explains the word with locuință and casă “dwelling, house”.^[2][3][11] The first quotation in the DLR is from Nicolae Filimon, who tells of a king who gave up his throne after revolutionary troops broke into his residence.^[10]

Semantic evolution

Besides the plain sense “home, residence”, the word took on a legal sense early: the place where a person is registered and exercises civil and political rights.^[6][12] Costinescu's dictionary of 1870 already has domiciliu politic, the place where someone exercises political rights.^[13] The DLR quotes the Civil Code on a Romanian's domicile as the place of his main establishment.^[10] Laurian and Massim also gave it a figurative sense, “nest”.^[14] MDN records an astrological sense as well, the nocturnal house of a planet.^[5]

Pontbriant gave the plural as domiciliuri in 1862; the modern plural is domicilii.^[15][4] The verb domicilia and the adjective domiciliar came from French in the same years.^[2]

Timeline

• 1326 – French domicile, borrowed from Latin.^[9]
• 1848 – domiciliu and domiciliar in Negulici's dictionary, the first records.^[2][3]
• 1855 – the verb domicilia “to reside, have one's domicile”.^[2]
• 1862 – Pontbriant gives the plural domiciliuri.^[15]
• 1870 – domiciliu politic in Costinescu's dictionary.^[13]
• 1885 – domiciliatar, a legal term for the person at whose home a bill of exchange is payable.^[2]

Meanings

Noun

1. The house or place where someone resides permanently; a home: Și-a schimbat domiciliul anul trecut.^[4][6]
2. (law) The place where a person has their main residence, is registered by the authorities and exercises civil rights: schimbarea domiciliului legal.^[6][12]
3. (astrology) The nocturnal house of a planet.^[5]

Word family

• domicilia
• domiciliar
• domiciliatar

Related words

• domn
• domestic
• Latin domus

Usage notes

La domiciliu means “at home, to one's home”: livrare la domiciliu “home delivery”.^[16][12] Violare de domiciliu is the breaking into someone's home.^[10]

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. domiciliu
3. ^ a b c Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. domiciliu
4. ^ a b c DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 327
5. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. domiciliu
6. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 743
7. ^ a b Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
8. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
9. ^ a b Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
10. ^ a b c d Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. domiciliu
11. ^ Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. domiciliu
12. ^ a b c Candrea, I.-A.; Adamescu, Gh. (1926–1931), Dicționarul enciclopedic ilustrat „Cartea Românească”, București: Cartea Românească, p. s.v. domiciliu
13. ^ a b Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 1, 354
14. ^ Laurian, A. T.; Massim, I. C. (1871–1876), Dictionariulu limbei romane, 2 vols., Bucuresci: Noua Typographia a Laboratoriloru Romani, p. s.v. domiciliu
15. ^ a b Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich, p. 227
16. ^ Macrea, Dimitrie; Petrovici, Emil (coord.) (1955–1957), Dicționarul limbii romîne literare contemporane, 4 vols., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, p. 2, 149