dog

Forms

dog m (plural dogi)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French dogue, which is from English dog (“dog”).^[2][3][1] DEX, MDA2 and the neologism dictionaries name the English word as a second source beside the French.^[4][5][6][7] The French word was borrowed from English in 1392; the English word, first recorded as Old English docga, is of unknown origin.^[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR's first record is the Enciclopedia română of 1900, for several breeds of large dogs.^[2] MDA2 dates it to an agricultural encyclopedia of 1937.^[5]

Semantic evolution

The word is usually followed by the breed: the veterinary encyclopedia quoted by DLR distinguishes dogul francez or de Bordeaux, dogul de Tibet, dogul englez and dogul danez or german.^[3] The DELR records the English compounds dog-sitter (2001) and dog-sitting (2005) in the press.^[2]

Timeline

• 1900 – in the Enciclopedia română, the first record.^[2]
• 1937 – in an agricultural encyclopedia.^[5]
• 2001 – dog-sitter in the press.^[2]

Meanings

Noun

1. A breed of very large dogs with a broad, flat muzzle and short, dense, sleek hair; a mastiff.^[4][1][3]
2. A dog of this breed.^[9]

Related words

• French dogue

Usage notes

A regional neuter dog (plural doguri) is a separate word: a round wooden board on which mămăliga is turned out or vegetables are chopped.^[10] The Lexicon de la Buda (1825) has dogu “small board”.^[11]

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. dog
3. ^ a b c Academia Română (1965–2010), Dicționarul limbii române (DLR), serie nouă, tom I–XIX, București: Editura Academiei Române, p. s.v. dog
4. ^ a b DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 325
5. ^ a b c Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 740
6. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual
7. ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria
8. ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
9. ^ Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2002), Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române, București: Litera Internațional, p. s.v. dog
10. ^ Marin, Maria; Mărgărit, Iulia, Glosar dialectal. Muntenia, București: Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti”
11. ^ Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 193