conexiune

Forms

conexiune f (plural conexiuni)^[1] Older variants are conesiune and conecțiune;^[2][3][4] Marcu & Maneca also record conexie.^[2][3][4]

Etymology

It is borrowed from French connexion, with Latin cōnexiō, the Latin word as a learned neologism, as a second model.^[2][3][5] Wiktionary gives only French, Scriban only Latin, and Marcu & Maneca name Latin before French, a case of multiple etymology.^[1][6][4] The Latin noun is formed on cōnectō (“to connect”) with the suffix -tiō; it meant a junction, a causal sequence and an association.^[7][1] The French noun is from its accusative cōnexiōnem.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR's first record is in Cipariu's work of 1847–1848, in the form conesiune.^[2] Costinescu's dictionary of 1870 has conexiune as the bond that some things have with one another, after French connexion.^[8] MDA2's first record is from Ion Ghica's letters to Alecsandri, published in 1887.^[3]

Semantic evolution

The word first named a connection or relation between things and ideas, Scriban's “connection of ideas”.^[8][6] In the 20th century it became a technical term: the connection of devices by pipes or machine parts, and of electric circuits and conductors, the same field as the later verb conecta (1931).^[5][2] Philosophy used conexiune universală for the interdependence of all phenomena, and conexiune inversă renders “feedback”.^[9][5]

Timeline

• 1847–1848 – the variant conesiune in Cipariu, the first record.^[2]
• 1870 – conexiune in Costinescu's dictionary.^[8]
• 1887 – Ion Ghica's letters, MDA2's first record.^[3]
• 1931 – the verb conecta “to connect” in Arghezi.^[2]

Meanings

Noun

1. A connection or relation between two or more objects or phenomena; conexitate;^[5][3][1] conexiune inversă “feedback”.^[5][3][1]
2. A connection by pipes or machine parts between machines or devices; a connection between elements of an electric circuit or conductors.^[5][3]
3. The act of connecting; conectare.^[5]

Related words

• conex
• conecta
• conexitate

References

1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. conexiune
3. ^ a b c d e f g h Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 483
4. ^ a b c Marcu, Florin; Maneca, Constant (1986), Dicționar de neologisme, 3rd ed., București: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, p. s.v. conexiune
5. ^ a b c d e f g DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 219
6. ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 330
7. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
8. ^ a b c Costinescu, Ion (1870), Vocabularu romano-francesu, 2 vols., Bucuresci, p. 1, 229
9. ^ Marcu, Florin (2000), Marele dicționar de neologisme, București: Saeculum Vizual, p. s.v. conexiune