colegiu

Forms

colegiu n (plural colegii)^[1]

Etymology

It is a neologism that came in by several routes: it is borrowed from Latin collegium, with German Kollegium and French collège as further models, and the old feminine variant coleghie comes from Russian коллегия (kollegija).^[2][3][4][5] DEX 2009 names only Latin and French, and Wiktionary only Latin, as a learned borrowing.^[6][1] DELR traces the old variant coleghiom to Hungarian kollégyom, a variant of kollégium.^[2]

DELR treats it in the family of coleg “colleague”.^[2]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR's first record is from 1702, in the form coleghiom;^[2][5] Tiktin's is from 1770.^[2][5] MDA2 cites it first from Șincai's Hronicul românilor, in a passage the DA quotes on the church and college of the Calvinists in Cluj.^[4][3]

Semantic evolution

The DA sorts the old uses by their models: a body of people under the same rules, as in a Russian “college” of Little Russia; a council of professors, after German Professorenkollegium; the Sacred College of the cardinals.^[3] Under the census franchise of the old kingdom a colegiu was one of the electoral classes, and Maiorescu speaks of the deputy of the first college of Iași.^[3] The school sense came from France: a secondary school or gimnaziu; the DA notes that Iorga gave back to the Saint Sava lyceum the name Colegiul național Sfântul Sava in 1932.^[3]

Negulici in 1848 gives both a company of people of equal rank and a place of learning.^[7] Pontbriant (1862) has the plural colegiuri, which the DA calls old beside colegii.^[8][3] The pupil of such a school was a colegian, after French collégien.^[3][2]

Timeline

• 1702 – coleghiom, the first record.^[2]
• 1770 – colegiu in a record cited by Tiktin.^[5]
• 1829 – the adjective colegial.^[2]
• 1848 – listed by Negulici.^[7]
• 1866 – colegialitate in Maiorescu.^[2]

Meanings

Noun

1. A panel of judges within the supreme court of Romania or attached to certain courts.^[6]
2. An organization of liberal professionals that defends their professional interests.^[6]
3. A body of persons of equal rank: colegiul cardinalilor “the College of Cardinals”;^[6][3] colegiu de avocați “the bar of a district”.^[6][3]
4. Colegiu editorial, colegiu de redacție: the advisory board of a publishing house or of a periodical.^[6]
5. (dated) An electoral college: a class of voters defined by wealth or occupation.^[6][3]
6. A college: a secondary or higher school, often with a boarding house.^[6][3]
7. (ancient Rome) A body of persons of the same dignity.^[6]

Related words

• coleg
• colegial

References

1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. coleg
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. colegiu
4. ^ a b Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 460
5. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. colegiu
6. ^ a b c d e f g h i DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 205
7. ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București
8. ^ Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich