Etymology and origin of the Romanian word cauză
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Borrowing
- First attested
- 1682 Dosoftei's Lives of the Saints More words from the 17th century
- Borrowed from
- Latin causa
- Ultimate origin
- Latin causa
Etymology tree
From the same root
Forms
cauză f (plural cauze)[1]
Etymology
It is a learned loan, borrowed from Latin causa (“cause, reason, lawsuit”), with French cause as a second model.[2][3][4] Ciorănescu names only the Latin word and places the loan in the 19th century, Tiktin calls it a neo-Latin word, and MDA2 adds Italian causa as a third model.[5][6][7] DELR explains two old variants by the way Latin was read in the region: Transylvanian caujă follows the Hungarian pronunciation of Latin, and Moldavian cavză the Modern Greek pronunciation of diphthongs with /u/.[2]
The Latin noun was first a word of the law courts and of reasons.[8] Its origin is unknown: Walde and Hofmann connected it with cūdō (“to strike”), while Ernout and Meillet doubted an Indo-European source.[8][1] The same Latin word gave the inherited Italian cosa, French chose and Spanish cosa “thing”, through the sense “matter, affair”.[9][10] Romanian also took acuza, scuza and recuza from compounds of it.[11]
Earliest recorded meaning
The first record is in Dosoftei's Viața și petrecerea sfinților (Iași, 1682–1686), where it means “reason, cause” and carries a gloss in the margin.[2][7][6] In the DA's quotation from that book the word is explained by vină “fault, blame”.[12]
Semantic evolution
From the start the word had both the sense “cause, reason” and the legal sense “case, lawsuit”.[13][14][3] The Lexicon de la Buda of 1825 explains it by pricină “cause” and by price and pâră “dispute, lawsuit”.[13] Negulici's dictionary of 1848 lists it among the neologisms and glosses it with principiu and pricină.[15] Ciorănescu notes that the noun and its derivatives were used above all around 1848, when căuzaș meant a partisan of the revolution.[5]
The sense “a social or political cause people fight for” is recorded by Tiktin and the 20th-century dictionaries, as in a face cauză comună cu cineva “to make common cause with someone”.[6][3] The prepositional phrase din cauza “because of” and the conjunction din cauză că “because” are recorded by the DA and Scriban.[12][16]
Timeline
- 1682 – first record, in Dosoftei's Lives of the Saints.[2][7]
- c. 1800 – cauzant “party in a lawsuit” in Micu.[2]
- 1810 – the adjective cauzal “causal”.[2]
- 1812 – the verb cauza “to cause”.[2]
- 1825 – the Lexicon de la Buda has causă “cause, lawsuit”.[13]
- 1832 – cauzalitate “causality”.[2]
- 1848 – Negulici lists the word as a neologism.[15]
- 1944 – cauzalism and cauzalist.[2]
Meanings
Noun
- A cause: a phenomenon or set of phenomena that comes before another and produces it under given conditions, a motive or reason: Nimeni nu știe cauza incendiului.[3][1]
- A social or political cause that a large community cares about and fights for: cauza păcii “the cause of peace”, a face cauză comună (cu cineva) “to make common cause (with someone)”.[3][7]
- (law) A lawsuit or case: a avea câștig de cauză “to win one's case”, a pleda cauza cuiva “to plead someone's cause”.[3][6]
Word family
- cauza
- cauzalism
- cauzalitate
- cauzativ
- cauzator
- căuzaș
- căuzășesc
- cauzal
Related words
- acuza
- scuza
- recuza
- Latin causa
Usage notes
Din cauza (with the genitive) means “because of” and din cauză că “because”: Am întârziat din cauza ploii.[12][16] În cunoștință de cauză means “with full knowledge of the facts”, and (a fi) în cauză “(to be) concerned, involved”.[3] The word is pronounced in three syllables, ca-u-ză, in careful speech.[3][1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. cauză
- ^ a b c d e f g h DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 154
- ^ Costăchescu, Adriana; Dincă, Daniela; Dragoste, Ramona; Popescu, Mihaela; Scurtu, Gabriela (2009–2010), Dicționar de împrumuturi lexicale din limba franceză (DILF), 2 vols., Craiova: Universitaria, p. s.v. cauză
- ^ a b Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. cauză
- ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. cauză
- ^ a b c d Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 313
- ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter
- ^ Rey, Alain, ed. (1992), Dictionnaire historique de la langue française, Paris: Le Robert
- ^ Graur, Alexandru (1980), Cuvinte înrudite, București: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, p. 30
- ^ a b c Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. cauză
- ^ a b c Lesicon românescu-latinescu-ungurescu-nemțescu quare de mai mulți autori, în cursul a trideci și mai multor ani s-au lucrat (1825), Buda: Typographia Universității (the Lexicon of Buda, ed. Petru Maior et al.), p. 107
- ^ Șăineanu, Lazăr (1929), Dicționar universal al limbei române, 6th ed., Craiova: Scrisul Românesc, p. 1, 114
- ^ a b Negulici, I. D. (1848), Vocabular romînesc de toate vorbele streine întroduse pînă acum în limba romînească și de toate cuvintele ce s-ar mai putea introduce încă, București, p. s.v. cauză
- ^ a b Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 241
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Cauză.” Etymologically, 11 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/ro/cauz%C4%83. Accessed 12 Nov. 2026.
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