bucea

Forms

bucea f (plural bucele)^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin buccella (“little mouth; small mouthful”), a diminutive of bucca (“mouth; cheek”), the source of bucă.^{[2][3][4][5][1][6]} In Latin the word meant a small mouthful or a small loaf.^[7][8] Its Romance continuants mean a kind of bread or pastry: Italian buccella and Occitan bucella.^[9][3] DA and DELR explain the Romanian senses by the idea of an opening and of something fitted into an opening, which is also present in îmbuca;^[2] Candrea–Densusianu compares Italian boccola (“wheel bushing”), from buccula.^[2][10]

Ciorănescu finds the etymon not entirely clear; he thinks the expected form was influenced by Polish buksa (“wheel hub”), the source of the Moldavian variant, and perhaps by boccea.^[3] Tiktin gives the Latin source as possible and takes the variant bucșă from German Büchse.^[11] Arvinte derives the word from Vulgar Latin *būcellum (“pipe”), a derivative of būcinum (“trumpet”), through a singularised plural.^[2] Șăineanu's SDLR derives it from that variant, which DELR rejects because the forms with /ș/ and without it are not used in the same regions.^[2] Scriban also made it a diminutive of the same word.^[12]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELR and Tiktin date the first record to 1582.^[2][11] DA quotes a document of 1588 that mentions bucși de fântână, de oțel, steel bushings for a well.^[10] MDA2 gives the Lexicon de la Buda of 1825 as the first record.^[4]

Semantic evolution

The main sense is the metal lining inside the hub of a cart wheel; from it come the general technical sense “bushing, sleeve” and several regional uses.^[10][2] In the Banat it is the iron ring of the cart's side prop, elsewhere the ring that holds the handle of a screwdriver, the neck of a funnel, the socket of a candlestick and the recess into which another piece of wood fits.^[10][4] Laurian and Massim record a ring-shaped loaf, the sense that buccella has in the other Romance languages.^[10]

The derivatives are recent: buceluță “tube for a lamp wick” (1862), buci “to fit a bushing” (1885) and bucela “to mount a bushing” (1949).^[2]

Timeline

• 1582 – first record.^[2][11]
• 1588 – bucși “bushings” of a well, in a document.^[10]
• 1825 – the lining of a wheel hub, in the Lexicon de la Buda.^[4][10]
• 1862 – Pontbriant's dictionary gives it for the socket of a candlestick, and the diminutive buceluță.^[13][2]
• 1885 – the verb buci.^[2]
• 1895 – the Banat form bucie, the iron ring of the side prop.^[2]
• 1949 – the verb bucela.^[2]

Meanings

Noun

1. A metal Bushing or sleeve fitted between two machine parts; the same as bucșă.^[5][4][1]
2. The cast-iron lining inside the hub of a wheel (of a cart, a lorry etc.).^[5][4][1]
3. A recess in a piece of wood into which the projecting end of another piece fits; a mortise.^[5][4]
4. The socket of a candlestick or chandelier, into which the candle is put.^[14][4]
5. (regional) The neck of a funnel.^[14][4]

Word family

• buceluță
• buci
• bucela
• bucie

Related words

• bucă
• bucșă
• îmbuca
• Latin buccella

Usage notes

The plural is bucele.^[5] MDA2 lists the variants buccea, bucșă, bocșă, bocșea and bucie.^[4] Tiktin gives bucea as the Wallachian form and bucșă as the Moldavian one.^[11]

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2011–), Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române (DELR), vol. I: A–B (2011), vol. II: C (2015–2018), București: Editura Academiei Române; continued online at delr.lingv.ro, p. s.v. bucea
3. ^ a b c Ciorănescu, Alexandru (1958–1966), Diccionario etimológico rumano, La Laguna: Universidad de La Laguna (Romanian ed.: Dicționarul etimologic al limbii române, București: Saeculum, 2001), p. s.v. bucea
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” (2010), Micul dicționar academic, 2nd ed., 4 vols., București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold, p. 1, 252
5. ^ a b c d e DEX (2009), Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române [Explanatory dictionary of the Romanian language], Bucharest: Editura Univers Enciclopedic, p. 122
6. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 1360
7. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
8. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
9. ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. 1359
10. ^ a b c d e f g Academia Română (1913–1949), Dicționarul limbii române (DA), ed. Sextil Pușcariu, tom I (A–B, C, D–De) and tom II (F–I, J–Lojniță), București: Socec / Universul / Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului; page scans at cflr-scans.solirom.ro, p. s.v. bucea
11. ^ a b c d Tiktin, Hariton (2000–2005), Rumänisch-deutsches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., revised by Paul Miron and Elsa Lüder, 3 vols., Cluj-Napoca: Clusium, p. s.v. bucea
12. ^ Scriban, August (1939), Dicționaru limbii românești (etimologii, înțelesuri, exemple, citațiuni, arhaizme, neologizme, provincializme), Iași: Presa Bună, p. 200
13. ^ Pontbriant, Raoul de (1862), Dictiunaru romano-francesu, Bucuresci: A. Ulrich / Göttingen: Dieterich, p. 88
14. ^ a b Dima, Eugenia (coord.) (2007), Dicționar explicativ ilustrat al limbii române, Chișinău: Arc / Gunivas, p. s.v. bucea