iudiciarius Latin · revision 9764
17 Oct 2026, 00:17 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la iūs, la dīcō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [juː.dɪ.kiˈaː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ju.di.t͡ʃiˈaː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''iūdiciārius''' (feminine iūdiciāria, neuter iūdiciārium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|iūdicium|-ārius|t1=judgement, court]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) ⟨iūdicium⟩ is from [[m|la|iūdex|t=judge]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*jowes-dik-|t=judge]], from [[m|la|iūs|t=law]] and the root of [[m|la|dīcō|t=to say]].^(Etymonline)^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Its earliest source is Cicero, with ''lēx iūdiciāria''.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant of or relating to the law courts or juries, judiciary, as in Cicero's ''lēx iūdiciāria'' and ''quaestus iūdiciārius'' “profit from the courts”, and Suetonius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant judiciary.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for of legal proceedings, and ''vir iūdiciārius'' for a lawyer.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Köbler 2010) British Medieval Latin also used it of an ordeal by water or iron, or by combat.^(DMLBS) English ''judiciary'' (early 15th century, “relating to courts”) is from it.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''judiciary'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Of the law courts or juries, [[m|en|judiciary]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Of legal proceedings; of an [[m|en|ordeal]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[iūdicium]]
+ * [[iūdex]]
+ * [[iūs]]
+ * [[en|judiciary]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}