schema Latin · revision 9385

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Naevius|origins=grc σχῆμα}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈskʰeː.ma]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈskɛː.ma]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''schēma''' ''f'' (genitive schēmae or schēmatis); variously declined, first declension, third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also ''scēma''; neuter, genitive ''schēmatis'' (or ''-atos''), and in early Latin a feminine ''schēma'', ''-ae''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|σχῆμα|tr=skhêma|t=form, shape, bearing]], from the root of [[m|grc|ἔχω|tr=ékhō|t=to have, hold]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) Plautus and Caecilius have a short first vowel, representing Achaean ⟨skhéma⟩.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Naevius, of a fashion or get-up.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a fashion, style, get-up, as in Naevius and Plautus; a shape or form, as of a geometrical figure in Vitruvius; a posture, as in Apuleius; and in rhetoric a figure of speech, as in Seneca.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it was an appearance, attire, dress, especially a religious habit.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a form, outline, figure, draft, arrangement.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin ''schēma'' “figure of speech” gave [[en|scheme]] in the 1550s, and [[en|schema]] was taken from Greek for Kant's philosophy in 1796.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it of attire.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of a figure.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of a figure of speech.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1550s – English ''scheme'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A fashion, style; [[m|en|attire|alt=Attire]], dress.^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # A shape, form, [[m|en|figure]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A posture, attitude.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(rhetoric)'' A [[m|en|figure of speech]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A religious [[m|en|habit]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[schēmatismos]]

+ * [[schēmatometria]]

+ * [[figūra]]

+ * [[en|scheme]]

+ * [[en|schema]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}