fluidus Latin · revision 7742

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Lucretius|origins=la fluō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈfɫu.ɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈfluː.i.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fluidus''' (feminine fluida, neuter fluidum, superlative fluidissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[fluō]] “to flow” with the suffix [[-idus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) Lucretius and Seneca have ⟨fluvidus⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Lucretius, of what flows freely.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant flowing freely, liquid, as Virgil's flowing blood, and in Seneca of robes flowing.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis and Short call it mostly poetic and post-Augustan, absent in Cicero and Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Ovid it meant dripping, with blood or other liquid, and of disease dissolving.^(OLD 2012) It meant yielding to pressure, soft, of soil in Seneca, of flesh flabby in Livy, and weak, and in Seneca impermanent, unstable.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it of sores running and of a person suffering from a flux.^(DMLBS) It was borrowed into Italian as ''fluido'', and [[en|fluid]] came in the early 15th century, “capable of flowing”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of the liquid.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of flabby flesh.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of dripping with blood.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''fluid'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Flowing, [[m|en|fluid]]; of robes, flowing.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Dripping; dissolving.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Soft; flabby; weak.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Unstable, perishable.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fluiditās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fluō]]

+ * [[flūmen]]

+ * [[en|fluid]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}