porto Latin · revision 732

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɔr.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɔr.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''portō''' (present infinitive portāre, perfect active portāvī, supine portātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It goes back to [[itc-pro|*porto/ā-]], probably a verb made from a noun [[ine-pro|*port-o-|t=passage, crossing]], from the root [[m|ine-pro|*per-|t=to cross over]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The older view of Walde and Hofmann and Leumann, followed by the OLD and the TLL, takes it as a frequentative of an o-grade *poreie- “to make go across”; de Vaan rejects this on formal grounds.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The same root is in [[porta]] and [[portus]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[xum|portatu|t=let him carry]], [[sa|पिपर्ति|tr=píparti|t=brings across]] and [[grc|πείρω|tr=peírō|t=to pierce]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It appears from Livius Andronicus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) who writes of men carrying gifts to the ships.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb meant to transport or convey goods and people, and also to carry news.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It meant to carry a load by bodily effort, of people, animals and vehicles, and to bring something with one, also in abstract senses, as of bringing liberty “in your right hands”.^(OLD 2012) The jurist Gaius distinguishes ''ferri'', of what a person carries, from ''portari'', of what is carried on a beast, but usage did not keep to this.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ It has many compounds, such as ''[[apporto]]'', ''[[exporto]]'', ''[[importo]]'' and ''[[transporto]]''.^(de Vaan 2008) It survives as French ''porter'' and Italian ''portare'', and [[en|rapport]] comes from a French compound of it.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of carrying a burden in the street.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence asks “where are you taking the boy?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust writes of soldiers carrying their food and arms.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of carrying messages and household gods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|transport]], convey; to carry (news).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To [[m|en|carry]], bear (a load); of vehicles and animals, to carry.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring with one; figuratively, to bring, imply.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[apportō]]

+ * [[asportō]]

+ * [[comportō]]

+ * [[dēportō]]

+ * [[exportō]]

+ * [[importō]]

+ * [[introporto]]

+ * [[portābilis]]

+ * [[portatiō]]

+ * [[portātor]]

+ * [[portātrix]]

+ * [[portitor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[porta]]

+ * [[portus]]

+ * [[en|rapport]]

+ * [[en|portable]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}