vello Latin · revision 7309

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Cato|origins=ine-pro *welh₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwɛl.loː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvɛl.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vellō''' (present infinitive vellere, perfect active vulsī or vellī, supine vulsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*welnō]], from [[ine-pro|*welh₃-|t=to hit, strike]], the root also of [[vulnus]] “wound”.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD compares [[got|𐍅𐌹𐌻𐍅𐌰𐌽|tr=wilwan]].^(OLD 2012) Its participle ⟨vulsus⟩ was formed by analogy, as in [[pellō]].^(Wiktionary) The perfect is ⟨vulsī⟩ or ⟨vellī⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cato, of pulling up plants.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to pluck out hair or feathers, as Horace's ''pilōs vellere'', and to depilate, as in Varro.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Cato it meant to pull up plants by the roots, and in Virgil ''signa vellere'' to pull up the standards for marching, and to demolish buildings.^(OLD 2012) It meant to pull out a weapon, as in Cicero, to pluck off, tear pieces from, and in Virgil to tug at, pluck.^(OLD 2012) In Columella it meant to strain, sprain.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to pluck.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''vellere'' and Romanian ''beli''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of pulling up plants.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of plucking hair.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of pulling out weapons.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses ''signa vellere''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To pluck out; to depilate.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To uproot, ''signa vellere'', to pull up the standards; to demolish.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To pull out; to pluck off; to tear at.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To tug at, pluck.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To strain, [[m|en|sprain]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[āvellō]]

+ * [[convellō]]

+ * [[dēvellō]]

+ * [[dīvellō]]

+ * [[ēvellō]]

+ * [[pervellō]]

+ * [[praevellō]]

+ * [[revellō]]

+ * [[subvellō]]

+ * [[vellicō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lāna]]

+ * [[volnus]]

+ * [[vulnus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}