vas Latin · revision 7308

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwaːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vās''' ''n'' (genitive vāsis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the classical form beside pre-classical ⟨vāsum⟩, from Proto-Italic *wāss, cognate with [[xum|vasor|t=vessels]]; its further origin is uncertain, with no known cognates outside Italic.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) Köbler calls it unclear.^(Köbler 2010) Plautus and Cato have the nominative ⟨vāsum⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of a vessel and of equipment.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a container for liquids or food, a vessel, utensil, as Cicero's and Horace's, and other containers, especially beehives.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In the plural it meant equipment, apparatus, and in Livy ''vāsa colligere'' “to pack up one's kit”, before breaking camp.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a vessel, vase, dish.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used ''vāsa'' for arms and of a sarcophagus.^(Niermeyer 1976) Its diminutive ''vāsculum'' and Late Latin ''vascellum'' gave Old French ''vessel'' and [[en|vessel]] about 1300, and [[en|vas]] is the anatomical term for a duct.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a vessel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato has the form ''vāsum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses ''vāsa colligere''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''vessel'' is recorded, from ''vascellum''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|vessel]], container, utensil; a beehive.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(plural)'' Equipment, kit, ''vāsa colligere'', to pack up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Arms; a sarcophagus.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vāsārium]]

+ * [[vāsculum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|vessel]]

+ * [[en|vase]]

+ * [[en|vas]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A different noun ''vas'', genitive ''vadis'', meant a surety who guaranteed a defendant's appearance in court, as in the Law of the Twelve Tables and Cicero's ''vadem dare''; it is compared with Gothic ''wadi'' “earnest-money” and Old English ''wedd'' “pledge”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}