crocio Latin · revision 6075

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited, onomatopoeia|attested=Plautus|origins=itc-pro *krok-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkrɔ.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkrɔː.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''crociō''' (present infinitive crocīre); fourth conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*krok-]], an imitative word.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that most Indo-European languages have words in *k(V)r- for a creaking or croaking sound, formed independently and constantly renewed, and sees in it an onomatopoeic reduplication of the type kr-kr-.^(de Vaan 2008) Compare [[lt|krokoti|t=to croak]], [[orv|кракати|tr=krakati|t=to croak]], [[lt|kriõkti|t=to rattle, grunt]] and [[sa|कृकर|tr=kṛkara|t=partridge]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short and Gaffiot equate it with [[grc|κρώζω|tr=krṓzō|t=to croak]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, who also has the variant ''crocciō''.^(de Vaan 2008) In the ''Aulularia'' a raven croaks on the left as an omen.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to croak, of a raven.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis and Short record it only in Plautus and Apuleius, and compare [[glōciō]] “to cluck” and [[clangō]] “to clang”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a raven.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|croak]] (as a [[m|en|raven]]).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cornīx]]

+ * [[corvus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}