haurio Latin · revision 5488

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Cato|origins=ine-pro *h₂ews-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈhau̯.ri.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaːu̯.ri.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hauriō''' (present infinitive haurīre, perfect active hausī, supine haustum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*aus-je-]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂ews-ye/o-|t=to scoop]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the initial ''h'' may be secondary.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[non|ausa|t=to scoop, bail]] and [[grc|αὔω|tr=aúō|t=to fetch fire]], where “to scoop” became limited to fire.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Cato.^(de Vaan 2008) Cassius Hemina tells of milk drawn from the Tiber.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to draw water or another liquid, to scoop up, then to shed blood, to pierce so as to drain the blood, as a sword drains a breast, and to dig or scoop up solids, such as gold from the treasures of Syria in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) It also meant to drink, to drain a cup, and to drink in with the mind or senses, to take one's fill of something.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it was to draw something from a source, as Cicero draws from the springs of philosophy, and to carry off or kill.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Its compound [[exhauriō]] gave [[en|exhaust]] in the 1530s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of gold dug from the treasures of Syria.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English ''exhaust'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|draw]] (water), [[m|en|scoop]] up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To shed (blood); to pierce, drain of blood.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To dig up (solids).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|drink]], drain.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To drink in (with the mind or senses).^(OLD 2012)

+ # (figurative) To draw (from a source).^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dehauriō]]

+ * [[exhauriō]]

+ * [[hauritorium]]

+ * [[haustor]]

+ * [[haustrum]]

+ * [[haustus]]

+ * [[perhauriō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|exhaust]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}