politicus Latin · revision 4336

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Cicero|origins=grc πόλις}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [pɔˈliː.tɪ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [poˈliː.ti.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''polīticus''' (feminine polītica, neuter polīticum, adverb polīticē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|πολιτικός|tr=politikós|t=of citizens, civic]],^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary) from [[m|grc|πολίτης|tr=polítēs|t=citizen]], from [[m|grc|πόλις|tr=pólis|t=city]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero, in On the Orator, speaks of the political philosophers, and Caelius writes to him of his books on the state.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant concerned with civil government, political.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) The TLL notes that Cicero and Quintilian often write it in Greek letters, and Cicero uses a Greek comparative.^(TLL) Macrobius speaks of the political virtues, those of a statesman.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ The DMLBS treats it as a medieval borrowing from Greek, meaning of the state, civil and public, and of constitutional as opposed to despotic rule.^(DMLBS) English ''politic'' is recorded in the early 15th century, and ''political'' in the 1550s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of political philosophers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st half of the 5th century AD – Macrobius speaks of political virtues.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''politic'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1550s – English ''political'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|political]], of the state, civil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Constitutional, as opposed to despotic.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A statesman.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|politic]]

+ * [[en|political]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}