revenue English · revision 4066

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1419|origins=la revenire}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈrev.ən.juː/, US /ˈrev.ə.nuː/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|revenue|t=return, revenue]],^(MW Collegiate)^(Barnhart 1988) [[bor|frm|revenue]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) from Old French revenue “a return”, the noun use of the feminine past participle of [[m|fro|revenir|t=to come back]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[la|revenīre|t=to return, come back]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from re- “back” and [[m|la|venīre|t=to come]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[ine-pro|*gʷem-|alt=*gwa-|t=to go, come]].^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2000) It is related to [[venue]] and [[avenue]].^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Profit from property or another source of income: 1419 in Barnhart;^(Barnhart 1988) the OED's first sense, a return to a place (1422), was rare and is obsolete.^(OED 1989)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its common early sense was the yield from lands and property, what would now be called a return on investment,^(Cresswell 2021) recorded from 1427 in the OED^(OED 1989) and the early 15th century in Etymonline.^(Etymonline) An income, a stipend, is from 1614.^(OED 1989) The income of a government, out of which public expenses are met, is from the 1680s in Etymonline,^(Etymonline) 1690 in Locke's writings in Barnhart and the OED,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) and the government department that collects it from 1700.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) A ''revenuer'', a revenue agent enforcing the laws against illegal distilling, is American, from 1880,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) and ''revenue sharing'' was popularized from 1971, in the Nixon administration.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1419 – profit from property.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1614 – an income.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1690 – government income.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1700 – the revenue department.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1880 – ''revenuer''.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1971 – ''revenue sharing''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The income of a government from [[tax]]es and other sources, used for public expenses.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Income from property or investment.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # All the income produced by a particular source, as a company's sales.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # A government department that collects public revenue.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[revenued]]

+ * [[nonrevenue]]

+ * [[revenuer]]

+ * [[revenue stamp]]

+ * [[revenue cutter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[venue]]

+ * [[avenue]]

+ * [[convene]]

+ * [[come]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}