lapicidinae Latin · revision 36625

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound, derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la lapis, la caedō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɫa.pɪ.kiːˈdiː.nae̯]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [la.pi.t͡ʃiˈdiː.ne]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lapicīdīnae''' ''f pl'' (genitive lapicīdīnārum); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It also appears as ''lapicaedīnae'' in inscriptions and as ''lapidicīnae'' in Varro, Vitruvius and others.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+ The grammarian Consentius calls both ''lapidicīnae'' and ''lapicīdīnae'' correct.^(TLL)

+ The singular is found only in glosses.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lapis|caedō|-īna|t1=stone|t2=to cut]],^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) or [[m|la|lapicīda|t=stonecutter]] with the suffix of workplaces.^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks [[m|la|lapis]] is probably a Mediterranean loanword, and compares [[grc|λέπας|tr=lépas|t=bare rock]].^(de Vaan 2008) He traces [[m|la|caedō]] to [[itc-pro|*kaid-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*keh₂id-|t=to cut, hew]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short and Georges give Plautus' ''Captivi'' first, where a man is to be taken off to the quarries as a punishment: ''in lapicīdīnās facite dēductus siet''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Plautus the quarries are a place of punishment.^(Georges 1913) Cato already has the word,^(de Vaan 2008) and Cicero writes of the quarries of Chios,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Pliny the Elder of marble quarries,^(Georges 1913) and Vitruvius of pits from which hard bitumen was dug.^(Georges 1913) Festus explains it as the place where stones are cut out.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ Inscriptions of the 2nd century AD use the spelling ''lapicaedīnae'',^(TLL) and the Vulgate has the word in the second book of Chronicles.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of quarries as a place of punishment.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses the word.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero mentions the quarries of Chios.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * AD 172 – An inscription has the spelling ''lapicaedīnae''.^(TLL)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it in Chronicles.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(plural)'' Stone [[m|en|quarry|alt=quarries]], often as a place of [[m|en|punishment]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Pits for digging minerals such as hard [[m|en|bitumen]].^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lapicīda]]

+ * [[lapidicīnae]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}