issue English · revision 3551

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1300|origins=la exīre}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈɪʃ.uː/, /ˈɪs.juː/, US /ˈɪʃ.uː/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|issue]], [[bor|fro|issue|t=a way out, exit; final event]] (earlier [[m|fro|eissue]]),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002) the feminine past participle of [[m|fro|issir|t=to go out]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) through a Romance form [[m|la-vul|*exūta]],^(AHD 2000)^(Hoad 1986) from [[la|exīre|t=to go out]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2000) formed from [[m|la|ex-|t=out]] and [[m|la|īre|t=to go]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) Etymonline and the AHD trace ''īre'' to [[ine-pro|*ei-|t=to go]].^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2000) The verb is [[inh|enm|issuen]], from the noun or from Old French [[m|fro|issu]], the past participle.^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) It is related to [[exit]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ An exit, a going or flowing out: probably before 1300, in ''Kyng Alisaunder'',^(Barnhart 1988) or about 1300.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Offspring, descendants, is first recorded about 1378 in ''Piers Plowman'', probably after Old French.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) Proceeds from land and the outcome or result of an action are 14th-century senses.^(Hoad 1986)^(Etymonline) The verb, of water, “to flow out”, and of people, “to go out, sally forth”, is from the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline) A discharge of blood or fluid from the body is from the 1520s.^(Etymonline) In law, the point in question between parties is from the 16th century, earlier in ''join issue'', “to submit jointly for decision”, in the 15th.^(Hoad 1986) “To send out” is from the mid-15th century, and “to send out with authority” from about 1600.^(Etymonline) The public giving-out of something, such as stamps or banknotes, is a 19th-century sense from the verb,^(Hoad 1986) and “to supply someone with something” is from 1925.^(Etymonline) The sense “a personal problem or difficulty”, as in ''has issues'', is recent.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1300 – an exit, outflow.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * mid-14th century – verb, to flow out.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1378 – offspring (''Piers Plowman'').^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 14th century – proceeds; outcome.^(Hoad 1986)

+ * 15th century – ''join issue''.^(Hoad 1986)

+ * 1520s – a discharge from the body.^(Etymonline)

+ * 16th century – a point in dispute.^(Hoad 1986)

+ * c. 1600 – verb, to send out with authority.^(Etymonline)

+ * 19th century – a putting into circulation.^(Hoad 1986)

+ * 1925 – verb, to supply someone with.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An act of flowing or going out.^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+ # The act of putting out or [[publish|alt=publishing]] officially.^(AHD)^(Hoad 1986)

+ # Something issued, such as a set of stamps, or a single copy of a [[periodical]].^(AHD)

+ # A point of discussion or dispute; a matter of public concern.^(AHD)^(Hoad 1986)

+ # An outcome or result.^(AHD)^(Hoad 1986)

+ # ''(law)'' [[offspring|alt=Offspring]].^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ # A personal problem or difficulty.^(AHD)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To go or flow out.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To come as a result; to [[proceed]] from a source.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # To put into circulation or publish officially.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To supply or distribute: ''issued with uniforms''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[issuer]]

+ * [[issueless]]

+ * [[single-issue]]

+ * [[overissue]]

+ * [[underissue]]

+ * [[reissue]]

+ * [[unissued]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[exit]]

+ * [[itinerary]]

+ * [[ambition]]

+ * [[transit]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Merriam-Webster gives the pronunciation “ISH-ə” as chiefly Southern US and “ISS-yoo” as chiefly British.^(MW Collegiate) In the coal trade of the Tyne and Wear, the ''issue'' was the amount of coal agreed to be taken from a pit.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}