sexageni Latin · revision 34739

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 200 BC, Plautus|origins=la sexāgintā}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sexāgēnī''' ''m pl'', ''sexāgēnae'' ''f pl'', ''sexāgēna'' ''n pl'' (genitive plural ''sexāgēnum''); first/second-declension distributive numeral adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sexāgintā|-ēnī|t1=sixty]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) De Vaan explains that the distributive ending ⟨-ēnī⟩ spread by analogy from the lower numerals such as [[m|la|septēnī]] and [[m|la|novēnī]], and that the numeral itself owes its ⟨ā⟩ to the analogy of [[m|la|quadrāgintā]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan records it from Plautus on.^(de Vaan 2008) A fragment of Plautus has ''ibi scrobēs ecfoditō plūs sexāgēnōs in diēs'', “dig more than sixty trenches there each day”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As a distributive it means sixty each or sixty at a time: Cato tells of wild goats that leap more than sixty feet at a time, Livy of ranks of sixty soldiers each, and Augustus records that he gave sixty denarii to each of 320,000 of the urban plebs.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In compound numerals the fistula ''sexāgēnum quīnum'' of Frontinus is a pipe with a cross-section of sixty-five square digits.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ It is also used with little or no distributive force, simply for sixty: Cicero speaks of sixty thousand modii, Manilius of sixty years, and Martial uses it of an indefinitely large number.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of sixty trenches a day.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of goats leaping more than sixty feet.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it for sixty thousand, without distributive force.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of ranks of sixty soldiers each.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it of a large indefinite number.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Sixty each, sixty apiece.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Sixty at a time, sixty in each instance.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (with little or no distributive force) [[m|en|sixty|alt=Sixty]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sexāgēnārius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sexāgintā]]

+ * [[sex]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Augustine uses the singular, in ''sexāgēnus frūctus''.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}