humane Latin · revision 34615

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=la homō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hūmānē''' (comparative hūmānius, superlative hūmānissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|hūmānus|-ē|t1=human; kind]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The adjective is related to [[m|la|homō|t=human being]],^(OLD 2012) which de Vaan derives from [[ine-pro|*dʰǵʰ(e)m-ōn|t=earthling]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Terence,^(Köbler 2010) whose ''Adelphoe'' has ''vix humane patitur'', “he hardly puts up with it reasonably”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The first sense is “in a manner befitting a human being, reasonably”, which Cicero, Caelius, Horace and Petronius use;^(OLD 2012) with verbs of bearing it means “with the forbearance proper to a human being”: in the ''Tusculan Disputations'' some bear illness patiently and ''humane''.^(OLD 2012) From Cicero's letters on it also means “kindly, courteously”, with the superlative ''humanissime''.^(OLD 2012) The jurists use the comparative ''humanius'' of a milder interpretation or treatment.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it in the ''Adelphoe''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of bearing illness and, in his letters, of acting kindly.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius has ''nimis quam humane'', “very kindly”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # As befits a human being, [[m|en|reasonably]]; with [[m|en|forbearance]] or moderation.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|kindly|alt=Kindly]], courteously, in a friendly way.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(law, comparative)'' More leniently.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hūmānitas]]

+ * [[hūmāniter]]

+ * [[hūmānitus]]

+ * [[hūmānō]]

+ * [[hūmānus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[hūmānitus]], “in a human manner” with regard to human weakness and mortality: ''humane'' and [[hūmāniter]] refer to a person's capacity for cultivation, ''humane facere'' being the fruit of moral and ''humaniter facere'' of social cultivation.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}