hamatus Latin · revision 33520

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=la hāmus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [haːˈmaː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aˈmaː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hāmātus''' (feminine hāmāta, neuter hāmātum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Lucretius' manuscripts spell it ''amātus''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|hāmus|-ātus|t1=hook]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan finds no etymology for [[m|la|hāmus]]: only [[grc|χαμός|tr=khamós|t=curved]] and [[m|grc|χαβός|tr=khabós]] come close, but their variation is unexplained and a loan would not account for the long vowel of the Latin word.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler record it first in Lucretius,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has it several times in his second book.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means furnished with hooks, or barbed: Cicero writes of things made of rough, smooth, hooked and barbed bodies,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid uses it of claws, of a barbed arrow and of thorny brambles,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and a poem in the Tibullan collection of brambles that scratch the legs.^(OLD 2012) It also means hook-shaped, as Ovid's ''hāmātus ēnsis'', a curved sword.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Medieval Latin used it of armour made of rings, with reference to Virgil.^(Niermeyer 1976) Köbler records it in Albertus Magnus and in the ''Waltharius''.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of hooked bodies.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of claws, arrows and a curved sword.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Furnished with [[m|en|hook|alt=hooks]], hooked; of arrows, [[m|en|barbed]]; of bushes, thorny.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Hook-shaped, [[m|en|crooked]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Made of rings, of [[m|en|chain mail]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hāmus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}