pugillares Latin · revision 33192

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=106–43 BC, Laberius|origins=ine-pro *pu-n(e)-g/k-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pʊ.ɡɪlˈlaː.reːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [pu.d͡ʒilˈlaː.res]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pugillārēs''' ''m pl'' (genitive pugillārium); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also neuter plural ''pugillāria'', certain in Catullus and Gellius, and a neuter singular ''pugillar'' in Laberius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Vulgate has a singular ''pugillāris''.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Used as a noun, it is the plural [[der|la|pugillāris|t=that can be held in the hand]], with [[m|la|libellus|alt=libellī]] understood.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) [[m|la|pugillāris]] is formed from [[m|la|pugillus|t=handful]],^(OLD 2012) which de Vaan derives from an n-stem ⟨*pug-en-lo-⟩ beside [[m|la|pūgnus|t=fist]]; he traces these to [[itc-pro|*puk/g-n(o)-|t=fist]] and [[ine-pro|*pu-n(e)-g/k-]], comparing [[grc|πύξ|tr=púx|t=with the fist]] and [[grc|πυγμή|tr=pugmḗ|t=fist]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first is Laberius, with the neuter singular ''pugillar'';^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Catullus has the neuter plural ''pugillaria''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a set of writing tablets small enough to be held in the hand.^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short and Georges cite it from Seneca's letters, Pliny the Elder, Pliny the Younger's letters and Suetonius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Prudentius has the adjective with ''cērae'', “wax tablets”, and Ausonius the singular ''pugillar''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin keeps “writing tablet”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 106–43 BC – Laberius, ''pugillar''.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus, ''pugillaria''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca, in his letters.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius has the plural.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate has the singular ''pugillaris''.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A set of [[m|en|writing tablet|alt=writing tablets]] small enough to hold in the hand, a [[m|en|notebook]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pugillus]]

+ * [[pūgnus]]

+ * [[pugil]]

+ * [[tabella]]

+ * [[cōdicillus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}