sidereus Latin · revision 33135

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=itc-pro *sīd/þos-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [siːˈdɛ.re.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [siˈdɛː.re.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sīdereus''' (feminine sīderea, neuter sīdereum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sīdus|-eus|t1=star, constellation]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan thinks the old link of [[m|la|sīdus]] with a root meaning to shine is vague, and favours Rix's and Nyman's view that it continues [[itc-pro|*sīd/þos-|t=mark, target]], from hunters' language, the sense that also explains [[m|la|cōnsīderō]] and [[m|la|dēsīderō]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who has the starry sky in the ''Aeneid''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means starry or of the stars and constellations, and is poetic, especially frequent in Ovid.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Ovid uses it of the sun, the Indians lying under its fires,^(OLD 2012) and Propertius calls the moon ''sīderea dea''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means shining with a star-like brightness, as of Aeneas blazing with his starry shield in Virgil,^(OLD 2012) and of gods and heroes, heavenly, as the ''Ilias Latina'' has of a heavenly mother.^(OLD 2012) Stelten gives “starry, bright, brilliant” and a neuter noun “star, heavenly body”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|sidereal]] comes from it, through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of the starry sky and a starry shield.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius, of the moon.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid, of the stars and of the sun.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1630s – English [[m|en|sidereal]], through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of the stars or [[m|en|constellation|alt=constellations]], [[m|en|starry]]; of the sun.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Shining like a star, brilliant, radiant.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Of gods and heroes, heavenly, divine.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sīdus]]

+ * [[en|sidereal]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}