particula Latin · revision 32847

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=la pars}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''particula''' ''f'' (genitive particulae); first declension^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pars|-cula|t1=part]], a diminutive.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan reports Schrijver's view that [[m|la|pars]], from [[itc-pro|*parti-]], was formed on the stem of [[m|la|pariō|t=to bring forth]] and first meant a lot or portion.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Varro.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates it from Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a small part, piece or section of anything: Cicero speaks of small portions of the sky and of the smallest particles.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) He also uses it of Anaxagoras' minute particles of matter.^(OLD 2012) It is a morsel of food in Fronto, a small parcel of land in the land surveyors, and a degree of the ecliptic in Columella.^(OLD 2012) Of speech it is a clause or section of a sentence, a subdivision, or a small point: Cicero does not want any detail of a conversation left out.^(OLD 2012) Gellius uses it in grammar of a part of a word or a short word such as ⟨-ve⟩.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin also uses it of a phrase and of a small host.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval Latin it is an item in a list.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of small parts, of particles of matter and of clauses.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of a degree of the ecliptic.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius of a grammatical particle.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A small part, piece, bit.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A [[m|en|particle]] of matter, an atom.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A morsel of food; a parcel of land; in astronomy, a [[m|en|degree]] of the ecliptic.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A section of a sentence, clause; a subdivision; a small point, item.^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # In grammar, a part of a word or a short indeclinable word, a particle.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A phrase; a small [[m|en|host]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[particulāris]]

+ * [[particulātim]]

+ * [[particulatio]]

+ * [[particulō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pars]]

+ * [[partim]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}